Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, China

🇨🇳 Jinzhou District (金州区; 金州區; Jīnzhōu Qū; 'golden prefecture') is one of the seven districts of Dalian, Liaoning province, People's Republic of China. It is located about 20 km (12 mi) north-east of the city centre and faces the Bohai Sea to the west as well as the Korea Bay to the east and has a longer history than Dalian itself, and used to be a thriving walled city where the officials of this area were dispatched from the central government. Recently, it is again a thriving town, having Dalian Development Area within its area as well as becoming a bedroom community to downtown Dalian. Its area is 1,352.54 square km (522.22 sq mi).

History Before Russia coerced a lease of the Lüshun Naval Port from the Qing dynasty and established Dalian as a commercial port in 1898, Jinzhou was the centre of this region, a thriving walled town, to which the central government official was dispatched to rule this region. • Three Kingdoms ◦ A revolt in Liaodong Peninsula (239 A.D.) • Tang, Song and Yuan Dynasties ◦ Emperor Li Shimin (Emperor Taizong of Tang) and his army campaigned against Goguryeu and captured the Bisa (卑沙, Beisha) fortification, on Dahei Mountain, Jinzhou (645). ◦ Government official was sent to a town which was renamed Jinzhou (1218) • Ming Dynasty • Qing Dynasty ◦ Japan occupied Liaodong Peninsula including Jinzhou during the Sino-Japanese War and tried to lease it (1894), but returned it as the results of the Triple Intervention by France, Germany and Russia, with Russia swiftly coercing a lease soon afterwards. ◦ Japan re-occupied Liaodong Peninsula during the Russo-Japanese War (1904) and leases it as Kwantung Leased Territory (1905) • Republic of China ◦ Japan's lease agreement was extended to 99 years, until 1999 (1915) ◦ The Soviet forces advanced to Jinzhou and the Communist Party-led Jinzhou Prefectural Government was established (1945) • People's Republic of China ◦ Jinzhou became part of Lüda City (旅大市) (1950) ◦ After becoming part of Liaonan Special Zone (1966), Jinzhou was returned to Lüda City (1969), which was later renamed as Dalian City (1981)

Recently, it is again a thriving District, having Dalian Development Area within it as well as becoming a bedroom community to downtown Dalian.

Geography • 1074.6 square km of land • 20 km north-east of the downtown Dalian • Pulandian District to the north, Ganjingzi District to the south, the Yellow Sea to the east and the Bohai Sea to the west • Highest point: Dahei Mountain, 662 meters above sea level • In winter, the Yellow Sea side of Jinzhou District does not freeze, but the Bohai Sea side freezes in January and February

Administrative divisions There are 25 subdistricts within the district.

Subdistricts: • Yongzheng Subdistrict (拥政街道) • Youyi Subdistrict (友谊街道) • Guangzhong Subdistrict (光中街道) • Maqiaozi Subdistrict (马桥子街道) • Haiqingdao Subdistrict (海青岛街道) • Dagushan Subdistrict (大孤山街道) • Zhanqian Subdistrict (站前街道) • Xianjin Subdistrict (先进街道) • Dongjiagou Subdistrict (董家沟街道) • Jinshitan Subdistrict (金石滩街道) • Wanli Subdistrict (湾里街道) • Ershilipu Subdistrict (二十里堡街道) • Liangjiadian Subdistrict (亮甲店街道) • Dengshahe Subdistrict (登沙河街道) • Daweijia Subdistrict (大魏家街道) • Xingshu Subdistrict (杏树街道) • Qidingshan Subdistrict (七顶山街道) • Huajia Subdistrict (华家街道) • Xiangying Subdistrict (向应街道) • Dalijia Subdistrict (大李家街道) • Desheng Subdistrict (得胜街道) • Paotai Subdistrict (炮台街道) • Fuzhouwan Subdistrict (复州湾街道) • Sanshilipu Subdistrict (三十里堡街道) • Shihe Subdistrict (石河街道).

Transport • Jinzhou Railway Station on the Dalian-Shenyang-Harbin Railway (former South Manchurian Railway) • Dalian-Shenyang-Harbin and Dalian-Dandong-Shenyang Expressways • Dalian Railway Station-Dalian Development Area-Golden Pebble Beach (Line 3 of Dalian Metro)

Education Colleges and Universities • Dalian University • Dalian Minzu University

International schools • Dalian Maple Leaf International School • Dalian Korean International School (KO) • Dalian American International School

Economy: Tourist Industry • Xiangying Square and Stalin Road for Pedestrians only • Former government official's office • Jinzhou Museum, newly built in north of Jinzhou District • Longwang Taoist Temple, Jinzhou Christian Church, etc. • South Hills, a Russo-Japanese war battleground • Dahei Mountain • Jinzhou Bay (金州湾) • Dalian Development Area • Cannon Hills, East Mountain Park, Kailun International Hot Spring Club, etc. • Golden Pebble Beach (金石滩) Tourist Area • Golden Pebble Beach Golf Course, Discovery Kingdom, etc.

Eight Views of Old Jinzhou The Eight Views of Old Jinzhou are: • Shengshui Temple (Buddhist, Dahei Mountain) • Xiangshui Temple (Taoist, Dahei Mountain) • Chaoyang Temple (Buddhist, Dahei Mountain) • Beisha Castle (Dahei Mountain) • Yuhuang Temple (Taoist) • Diaojingtai • Longwang Temple (Taoist) • Mengzhen Cave.