๐ท๐บ Gagarin, known until 1968 as Gzhatsk, is a town and the administrative centre of Gagarinsky District of Smolensk Oblast, Russia, located on the Gzhat River, 240 km north-east of Smolensk, the administrative centre of the oblast. The town's former name is from that of the Gzhat River, which is of Baltic origin (cf.ย Old Prussian gudde, meaning "forest").
History In 1718, a village on the territory of modern Gagarin was transformed by a decree of Peter the Great to a transshipment landing stage (called Gzhatsky landing stage). From the mid-18th century, Gzhatsk was a sloboda, and in 1776, by a decree by Catherine the Great, it was granted uyezd town status and a coat of arms showing "a barge loaded with bread ready for departure, on a field argent", meaning that the town was a good landing stage for grain.
The town was built at the crossing of the Moscow road (east-west) and the Smolensk road (north-south, paralleling the river). By the plan of 1773, it was laid out in triangular form. One part paralleled the Gzhat River, anotherโthe road to Moscow, and the base of the triangle connected them.
On Augustย 29, 1812, in the village of Tsaryovo-Zaymishche near Gzhatsk, Mikhail Kutuzov accepted command of the Russian army. On the day of Napoleon's invasion, the town was set on fire and burned for several days. It was near Gzhatsk where Denis Davydov's guerrilla group started to operate. Russian troops entered the town again on Novemberย 2, 1812. When the town was rebuilt in 1817, the former regular layout was basically kept.
On November 13 [O.S. October 31], 1917, Soviet power was proclaimed in Gzhatsk and its uyezd. A year later, there was a counterrevolutionary insurrection.
During World War II, the town housed a flax factory, a sawmill, a brickyard, a roller-mill, a bakehouse complex, a weaving factory, a power station, and a number of guilds. In the course of the war, Gzhatsk was occupied by the German Army from Octoberย 9, 1941 until Marchย 6, 1943, when it was liberated by the troops of the Soviet Western Front.
In 1968, the town was renamed Gagarin in honor of the first person to travel into space, Yuri Gagarin, who was born in 1934 in the nearby village of Klushino.
Geography: Administrative status Within the framework of administrative divisions, Gagarin serves as the administrative centre of Gagarinsky District. As an administrative division, it is, together with one rural locality (the settlement of Trufany), incorporated within Gagarinsky District as Gagarinskoye Urban Settlement. As a municipal division, this administrative unit also has urban settlement status and is a part of Gagarinsky Municipal District.
Gagarin has a population of over 31,721 people. Gagarin also forms part of the wider Gagarinsky District which has a population of over 48,928 people. Gagarin is situated 240 km north-east of Smolensk.
Twin Towns, Sister Cities Gagarin has links with:
๐ง๐พ Barysaw, Belarus ๐ง๐พ Krupki, Belarus ๐ง๐พ Orsha, Belarus ๐ฉ๐ช Ratingen, Germany๐ฉ๐ฐ Fredericia 55.567
๐ท๐บ Severnoye Butovo 55.567
๐ท๐บ Ramenskoye 55.572
๐ง๐พ Navapolatsk 55.533
๐ท๐บ Yuzhnoye Butovo 55.533
๐ง๐พ Novopolotsk 55.532
๐ฎ๐ฑ Modiโin Makkabbim Reโut 35
๐ฎ๐ฑ Modi'in-Maccabim-Re'ut 35.02
๐บ๐ฆ Dnipropetrovsk 35.046
๐ฎ๐ฑ Kiryat Motzkin 35.079
๐ฎ๐ฑ Beit Shemesh 34.991
๐ฎ๐ฑ Bet Shemesh 34.983
๐ฎ๐ฑ Rosh HaโAyin 34.95
๐ฎ๐ฑ Rosh HaAyin 34.95
๐ฎ๐ฑ Drom HaSharon 34.9
Locations Near: Gagarin 34.9948,55.5592
๐ท๐บ Rzhev 34.317,56.25 d: 87.7
๐ท๐บ Mozhaysk 36.04,55.494 d: 66.2
๐ท๐บ Tver 35.934,56.852 d: 155.1
๐ท๐บ Kaluga 36.263,54.514 d: 141.6
๐ท๐บ Obninsk 36.639,55.1 d: 115.9
๐ท๐บ Naro-Fominsky District 36.733,55.383 d: 111.3
๐ท๐บ Naro-Fominsk 36.743,55.377 d: 112
๐ท๐บ Klin 36.733,56.333 d: 138.3
๐ท๐บ Istra 36.867,55.917 d: 123.7
๐ท๐บ Solnechnogorsk 36.983,56.183 d: 142.1
Antipodal to: Gagarin -145.005,-55.559
๐ต๐ซ Papeete -149.566,-17.537 d: 15769.6
๐น๐ด Nuku'alofa -175.216,-21.136 d: 15441.8
๐ฆ๐ธ Pago Pago -170.701,-14.279 d: 14923.5
๐ผ๐ธ Apia -171.76,-13.833 d: 14837.4
๐จ๐ฑ Port Montt -72.933,-41.467 d: 14741.8
๐จ๐ฑ Puerto Montt -72.933,-41.467 d: 14741.8
๐จ๐ฑ Valdivia -73.233,-39.8 d: 14632.3
๐จ๐ฑ Coyhaique -72.067,-45.567 d: 14992.9
๐จ๐ฑ Punta Arenas -70.91,-53.162 d: 15439.2