Puerto Peñasco, Sonora, Mexico

History | Cityscape | Geography | Universities | Health Centers

🇲🇽 Puerto Peñasco is a small city located in Puerto Peñasco Municipality in the north-west of the Mexican state of Sonora, 100 km from the border with the U.S. state of Arizona. It is located on the northern shores of the Sea of Cortez on the small strip of land that joins the Baja California Peninsula with the rest of Mexico. The area is part of the Altar Desert, one of the driest and hottest areas of the larger Sonoran Desert.

Since the late 1990s, there has been a push to develop the area for tourism. It is now one of the most important tourist destinations in northern Mexico. Puerto Peñasco is often called "Rocky Point" in English, and has been nicknamed "Arizona’s Beach" as it is the closest beach to cities such as Phoenix and Tucson. The warm sea surface temperatures of the northern end of the gulf causes Puerto Peñasco to have a much warmer climate than coastal cities on the Pacific both in the Mexican and American Californias. Nights also remain hot and muggy during summer due to the warm-water influence.

The Mar de Cortés International Airport serves Puerto Penasco, but currently has no regularly-scheduled flights in or out. The new highway shortens the drive from California by 160 km (100 mi). Tourism and fishing are the most important economic activities for the city. Development to date includes over one hundred restaurants, forty-two hotels and motels, and fourteen RV facilities. The new "Home Port del Mar de Cortés" (Sea of Cortez) cruise ship terminal began construction in 2014 between Sandy Beach and Cholla Bay (La Choya), north-west of the central city. The construction has been suspended for financial reasons.

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History The city is known by two names, Puerto Peñasco (rocky cliff port) in Spanish and Rocky Point in English. In 1826, retired Robert William Hale Hardy of the British Royal Navy was sailing in this area searching for pearls and precious metals. He named the area Rocky Point and it was identified as Rocky Point on marine maps until President Lázaro Cárdenas changed it to Puerto Punta Peñasco. To simplify pronunciation, the English name lost the word “Port” and the Spanish name dropped “Punta”.

Prior to the 1920s, the area was just one of the safe harbors for wandering fisherman who worked the upper Gulf of California. During fishing seasons, fishermen from Guaymas, Bahía Kino, Puerto Libertad, and Puerto Lobos began to come here to camp out. The main attraction for these fishermen was a fish called totoaba, which was fished not for its meat, but for its use in medicine. At this time the area was known as Punta de Piedra o Punta Peñasco. The name comes from a large quantity of solidified lava that hit the Gulf. Even as early as the 19th century, fishermen from Arizona came here. Since there was no source of drinking water, it was not settled permanently.

In the 1930s, under President Lázaro Cárdenas, a railroad was built to connect Baja California to the rest of Mexico, passing by Puerto Peñasco. The town began to grow again, adding a police delegation in 1932, as a dependency of the nearby municipality of Sonoyta, even though the town was part of the municipality of Caborca. The railroad line created new population centres and the initial layout of the city and port of Puerto Peñasco was begun in the 1940s. During this same time shrimp fishing was having an impact on the local economy.

In 1952, Puerto Peñasco separated from the municipality of Caborca and comprised the localities of Sonoyta, Bahía La Choya, 21 de Marzo and Cuauhtémoc. Sonoyta was the second largest population centre at the time. In 1989, the municipality of Plutarco Elías Calles was split from Puerto Peñasco. Until the 1990s, there had been little tourism here except for campers and fishermen. The municipality's pristine beaches with clear waters stretched for a hundred miles north or south with almost no development. The push to make Puerto Peñasco or Rocky Point a major tourism centre was initiated in 1993, with the government joining with private investors to build condominiums and other facilities. The goal has been to take advantage of the area's proximity to the United States.

Much of the inspiration for the effort came from the success of Cancún, which was a nearly virgin beach before a government/private venture developed it. Another reason to look to tourism was the declining catches of fishermen here, due to overfishing and pollution. The federal government contributed two billion pesos in infrastructure, especially roadways and an airport and the area was declared a free zone, meaning foreigners could visit the area without a visa (although a passport is still needed). There was some economic instability in 1994 and 1995, but it did not derail development here for long, coming back by 1999. Between 2002 and 2007 economic growth was at twelve percent. The local real estate market started to go bust in 2007 due to the economic slowdown in the United States.

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Cityscape The oldest part of the town was founded between the edge of the sea and Ballena Hill. The base of the area is volcanic rock, much of it solidified lava flows from when ancient eruptions met the ocean. To promote tourism here, the city was declared to be part of the border “free zone” although it is about 100 km (62 mi) from the U.S. This means that foreigners can drive from the U.S. to Puerto Peñasco without obtaining visas. This makes the area attractive to visitors from Arizona, California, and Nevada. In a relatively short time, Puerto Peñasco has become a major tourist center. It contains numerous hotels as well as RV and primitive camping sites. Puerto Peñasco is described as "by far the most American city in Mexico" and "Arizona’s beach", with Tucson, Phoenix, and Yuma closer than the Mexican cities of Mexicali and Hermosillo. Most visitors come for the beaches and to fish. The annual fishing festival begins on Navy Day on June 1. These celebrations feature mariachis, folklorico dance, and a festival queen. Another fishing tournament is sponsored by the La Choya Bay Club. Beaches here include Sandy Beach, Las Conchas, El Mirador, La Choya, Playa Encanto, Estero de Morúa, Playa La Joya, Playa Miramar, and Playa San Jorge. Sandy Beach is noted for its sand which is a light brown color. One attraction of the beaches is the tidal pools. Tides here can raise and lower the sea on the relatively flat land up to 8 m (26 ft). Low tide reveals a large number of tidal pools in the craters of the rocky coast. In these pools there used to be large numbers of crabs, starfish, and other marine life. There is also an estuary by the name of Morúa east of the community of Las Conchas. Here live thousands of birds, including migratory species.

A large number of beachfront condominiums have been built in this area including Las Conchas, Sandy Beach Resorts, Costa Diamante, Las Palomas Beach and Golf Resort, Sonoran Sea, Bella Sirena, and Las Palmas. The first condos, Las Conchas and Bahías Choya, were built in the far south-east and far north-west respectively. Interest in property here has been unexpectedly strong, prompting further developments such as Sandy Beach. This development has plans for a golf course, malls, marinas and more condos.

Crafts for sale here include shell jewelry, iron pieces and carved ironwood.

The airport is a joint government and private enterprise project which was inaugurated in 2008 and has a daily capacity of 2,000 passengers. Puerto Peñasco is a popular destination for spring break, especially for high school and college students from Arizona and California for both its proximity and its 18-year-old legal drinking age.

The Universidad de Sonora has its Centro de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (Scientific and Technological Research Center) as well as its Centro de Estudios del Desierto (Center for Desert Studies) here which are open to visitors. These institutions started as a joint project with the Laboratory of Atmospheric Sciences of the University of Arizona in 1963 to develop methods of desalinization of sea water. In 1973 and 1974, the Unidad Experimental Peñasco was founded to research the raising of blue shrimp or Penaeus stylirostris. This project has been the leader in the development of shrimp farming techniques in Mexico. The CET-MAR Aquarium is a marine research centre open to the public with displays of marine life such as turtles, octopus, and numerous fish species.

Many residents are from the United States or Canada. Most restaurants offer menus in English, and most businesses accept U.S. dollars. Puerto Peñasco is popular with retirees, especially those from the United States and Canada who have trailers and RVs. However, there are retirees here from all over the world. The town also has newspapers in English.

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Geography The city of Puerto Peñasco (Rocky Point) is found in the north-west of the Mexican state of Sonora, a state that is located directly to the south of the U.S. state of Arizona. It is located on the eastern coast of the Gulf of California approximately 60 miles south of the Arizonan border, only about a four-hour drive from Phoenix or Tucson. The city's maximum elevation is 100 meters (328 feet) above sea level and its minimum is 0 meters (0 feet) above sea level. It is found in the Sonoran Desert, a desert which stretches from the U.S. states of Arizona and California down to the northern tip of the Mexican state of Sinaloa. Because of this, its climate reaches extreme temperatures during the summer and relatively high temperatures in the winter. The city itself is relatively flat, with the exception of Ballena hill that is found near its port. Further, remnants of ancient volcanoes can be found on the beaches of Puerto Peñasco and several dormant volcano peaks can be seen throughout the entire state.

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Universities ·     Superior Technological Institute of Puerto Peñasco. ·     Technological University of Puerto Peñasco. ·     University of Professional Development. ·     CEUNO University.

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Health Centers Puerto Peñasco also has two General Hospitals, a Center of Urban Health, a Hospital of Social Insurance, a Family Medical Unit of the IMSS (Mexican Social Security Institute), as well as many clinics and private consults all around the city.

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America/Hermosillo/Sonora 
<b>America/Hermosillo/Sonora</b>
Image: Adobe Stock Ben7amin #398151691

Puerto Peñasco has a population of over 62,689 people. Puerto Peñasco also forms one of the centres of the wider Sonora state which has a population of over 2,944,840 people.

To set up a UBI Lab for Puerto Peñasco see: https://www.ubilabnetwork.org Twitter: https://twitter.com/UBILabNetwork

Twin Towns - Sister Cities Puerto Peñasco has links with:

🇺🇸 Fremont, USA 🇺🇸 Tucson, USA
Text Atribution: Wikipedia Text under CC-BY-SA license

North of: 31.317

🇨🇳 Gusu District 31.319

🇨🇳 Gusu 31.319

🇮🇷 Ahvaz 31.32

🇮🇳 Jalandhar 31.326

🇵🇸 Khan Yunis 31.333

🇨🇳 Jiading 31.333

🇵🇸 Khan Younis 31.344

🇨🇳 Wuhu 31.344

🇨🇳 Malu 31.351

🇨🇳 Yaxi 31.367

East of: -113.533

🇨🇦 Edmonton -113.483

🇨🇦 Lethbridge -112.834

🇺🇸 Prescott -112.498

🇺🇸 Pocatello -112.451

🇺🇸 Blackfoot -112.333

🇺🇸 Surprise -112.327

🇺🇸 Peoria -112.237

🇺🇸 Glendale -112.184

🇲🇽 Caborca -112.16

🇺🇸 Alhambra -112.134

West of: -113.533

🇺🇸 St. George -113.584

🇨🇦 St Albert -113.617

🇨🇦 Red Deer -113.809

🇺🇸 Missoula -114

🇺🇸 Kingman -114.017

🇨🇦 Calgary -114.058

🇺🇸 Lake Havasu City -114.343

🇨🇦 Yellowknife -114.371

🇺🇸 Yuma -114.6

🇲🇽 San Luis Rio Colorado -114.75

Antipodal to Puerto Peñasco is: 66.467,-31.317

Locations Near: Puerto Peñasco -113.533,31.3167

🇲🇽 Caborca -112.16,30.716 d: 146.9  

🇲🇽 San Luis Rio Colorado -114.75,32.467 d: 171.9  

🇺🇸 Yuma -114.6,32.683 d: 182.2  

🇺🇸 Maricopa -112.033,33.05 d: 238.9  

🇲🇽 Mexicali -115.475,32.639 d: 234.9  

🇺🇸 Casa Grande -111.733,32.883 d: 243.1  

🇺🇸 Calexico -115.498,32.679 d: 239.3  

🇺🇸 El Centro -115.556,32.792 d: 251.5  

🇲🇽 San Quintín -115.933,30.55 d: 244.3  

🇺🇸 Ahwatukee Foothills -111.983,33.333 d: 267.4  

Antipodal to: Puerto Peñasco 66.467,-31.317

🇲🇺 Mahébourg 57.7,-20.407 d: 18519.5  

🇲🇺 Centre de Flacq 57.718,-20.2 d: 18501.4  

🇲🇺 Curepipe 57.517,-20.317 d: 18500.4  

🇲🇺 Vacoas-Phoenix 57.493,-20.3 d: 18497.5  

🇲🇺 Quatre Bornes 57.479,-20.266 d: 18493.5  

🇲🇺 St Pierre 57.517,-20.217 d: 18491.2  

🇲🇺 Moka 57.496,-20.219 d: 18490.2  

🇲🇺 Beau Bassin-Rose Hill 57.471,-20.235 d: 18490.2  

🇲🇺 Beau-Bassin Rose-Hill 57.467,-20.233 d: 18489.8  

🇲🇺 Port-Louis 57.496,-20.165 d: 18485.3  

Bing Map

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