🇳🇴 Røros is a municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Røros. Some of the villages in Røros include Brekken, Glåmos, Feragen, Galåa, and Hitterdalen.
The mining town of Røros (the administrative centre of the municipality) is sometimes called Bergstaden which means "mountain town" due to its historical notoriety for copper mining. It is one of two towns in Norway that were historically designated "mining towns", along with the "silver-town" of Kongsberg. The modern-day inhabitants of Røros still work and live in the characteristic 17th and 18th century buildings which led to its designation as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1980. Røros has about 80 wooden houses, most of them standing around courtyards. Many retain their dark pitch-log facades, giving the town a medieval appearance.
The 1,956-square-kilometre (755 sq mi) municipality is the 39th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Røros is the 171st most populous municipality in Norway.
The municipality's population density is 3.2 inhabitants per square kilometre (8.3/sq mi) and its population has increased by 0.2% over the previous 10-year period.
1General information The parish of Røros was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838. On 1 January 1875, an unpopulated area of the neighbouring municipality of Ålen was transferred to Røros. On 1 January 1926, Røros was split into four municipalities: Røros landsogn (population: 701), Brekken (population: 1,098), Glåmos (population: 983), and the town of Røros (population: 2,284). During the 1960s, there were many municipal mergers across Norway due to the work of the Schei Committee. On 1 January 1964, the four municipalities of Glåmos (population: 700), Brekken (population: 964), Røros landsogn (population: 482), and the town of Røros (population: 3,063) were all reunited under the name Røros. On 21 April 1989, an unpopulated part of Røros was transferred to the neighbouring Holtålen municipality. On 1 January 2018, the municipality switched from the old Sør-Trøndelag county to the new Trøndelag county.
1Name The municipality (originally the parish and town) is named after the old Røros farm (Old Norse: Røyðaróss) since this was the site of the mining town of Røros. The first element comes from the local river name Røa (Røyðr) which has an unknown meaning. The last element comes from óss which means "mouth of a river" (the small river Røa runs into the great river Glåma here).
On 9 September 2022, the national government approved a resolution to add a co-equal, official Sami language name for the municipality: Rosse. The spelling of the Sami language name changes depending on how it is used. It is called Rosse when it is spelled alone, but it is Rossen tjïelte when using the Sami language equivalent to "Røros municipality".
Coat of arms
The coat of arms was granted on 29 October 1992. The blazon is "Gules, a venus symbol over a crossed hammer and chisel Or" (Norwegian: I rødt, en gull kobber (venus-symbol) over korslagt bergjarn og feisel). This means the arms have a red field (background) and the charge is a venus symbol over a crossed hammer and chisel. The charge has a tincture of Or which means it is commonly colored yellow, but if it is made out of metal, then gold is used. The design symbolizes the copper mining industry in Røros. The venus symbol is the old symbol for copper, which was heavily mined in Røros for centuries. The arms were designed by Sverre Ødegaard. The municipal flag has the same design as the coat of arms.
1Churches The Church of Norway has four parishes (sokn) within the municipality of Røros. It is part of the Gauldal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Nidaros.
1History Røros municipality has historically been used by the Southern Sami people for reindeer herding. Known for its copper mines, Røros is one of Norway's two nationally significant mining towns with activity starting in the 17th century (the other one being the "silver-town" Kongsberg, see Kongsberg Silver Mines).
Røros was burned to the ground in 1678 and 1679 by the Swedish Army during the Scanian War. In 1718, during the Great Northern War, the town was once again taken by the Swedish Army, led by General De la Barre, who made up the southern arm of the main Swedish Army under Carl Gustaf Armfeldt. De la Barre took the city and all their mined copper at gunpoint.
When King Carl XII was killed near Fredriksten on 30 November 1718, De la Barre retreated north to join the bulk of the army. However, this ended in tragedy, when over 3,000 rather unprepared soldiers perished in the harsh weather conditions in the mountains north-west of Røros.
Røros and its people were made famous to Norwegians at the turn of the 20th century by semi-fictional author Johan Falkberget, who told the story of the mining community from the perspective of the hard-tested miners at the bottom of the social ladder.
With its authentic wooden buildings, Røros was added to the UNESCO World Heritage Site list in 1980.
1Røros Copper Works In 1644, the general manager of the mine at Kongsberg gave permission to exploit one lode of copper in the mountains near Rauhaammaaren. Storvola and Gamle Storwartz became some of the company's most important mines. Nordgruve, another important mining area, was situated to the north east of Røros.
In 1685, Røros discovered a considerable amount of associated silver mines. The mining activity lasted for about 40 years, and a total of 1,350 tons of sterling silver was mined. This provided considerable revenue for the Danish-Norwegian treasury to support Frederick IV in building the palace of Solbjerg.
1740 onwards saw a period of greatness for the Røros Copper Works with several mines yielding well. Due to the funding of the Oldenburg royal family, the scale of the Leros silver mine and copper mine expanded. As the mine is close to Trondheim and at a lower latitude, the ore output is much higher than ScandinaviaFalun. The rich income of the mining area also prompted the royal family to repeatedly ask for an expansion of the mining. Dynamite was utilised from 1870 and later drilling machines. The electrical generating station built high-tension power lines to supply the mines, starting in 1897. The Bessemer process was introduced at the end of the 1800s. The Rørosbanen railway line was completed in 1877. High prices for both copper and zinc gave good results, but then the prices dropped and there were several years with large losses. After 333 years, mining activity in Røros ceased in 1977.
1Culture During winter, a traditional market called "Rørosmartnan" is organised, drawing an average 60,000–70,000 tourists to the town of Røros each year. The market begins on the last Tuesday in February and lasts five days. There is also an outdoor musical theatre performance played in Røros to commemorate the tragedy when the Swedish soldiers froze to death. This show has been played since 1994.
The town of Røros was the filming location for Henrik Ibsen's play "A Doll's House", directed by Joseph Losey.
1Media The newspapers Arbeidets Rett and Fjell-Ljom are published in Røros.
1Government Røros Municipality is responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services, senior citizen services, welfare and other social services, zoning, economic development, and municipal roads and utilities. The municipality is governed by a municipal council of directly elected representatives. The mayor is indirectly elected by a vote of the municipal council. The municipality is under the jurisdiction of the Trøndelag District Court and the Frostating Court of Appeal.
1Geography Røros is located on a gently sloping plateau about 630 metres (2,070 ft) above sea level that is forested with mostly birch and some pine, but the tree line is never far away. The largest lake within the municipality is Aursund and the river Glåma has its origin here. The most northerly part of Femund, the third largest lake in Norway, is located in Røros, just west of Femundsmarka National Park. These lakes and others in Røros, such as Bolagen and Flensjøen, are well suited for kayaking and fishing. Other lakes include Feragen, Håsjøen, Rambergsjøen, Korssjøen, Nedre Roasten, Rogen, and Rien.
1Transport The municipality is served by the Rørosbanen railway line at Røros Station. Røros Airport has a scheduled service to Oslo. Norwegian County Road 30 (Fylkesvei 30) connects Røros to the south to Tynset and north-west down the Gaula valley towards Trondheim. There is also the Norwegian County Road 705 going north to Selbu and Stjørdal, and the Norwegian County Road 31 (Fylkesvei 31) going east to Sweden.
1Røros has a population of over 5,581 people. Røros also forms part of the wider Trøndelag county which has a population of over 471,124 people. Røros is situated near Steinkjer.
Twin Towns - Sister Cities Røros has links with:
🇫🇮 Hamina, Finland🇳🇴 Kristiansund 63.1
🇸🇪 Örnsköldsvik 63.283
🇨🇦 Yellowknife 62.455
🇷🇺 Petrozavodsk 61.79
🇩🇪 Haldensleben 11.417
🇩🇪 Ingolstadt 11.425
🇩🇪 Neumarkt in der Oberpfalz 11.467
🇩🇪 Geretsried 11.467
Locations Near: Røros 11.3667,62.5667
🇳🇴 Trondheim 10.396,63.428 d: 107.6
🇳🇴 Steinkjer 11.498,64.013 d: 161
🇳🇴 Elverum 11.7,60.917 d: 184.3
🇳🇴 Lillehammer 10.466,61.115 d: 168.2
🇳🇴 Gjøvik 10.683,60.783 d: 201.6
🇳🇴 Kongsvinger 12.217,60.233 d: 263.4
🇳🇴 Hønefoss 10.3,60.167 d: 272.8
🇳🇴 Lillestrøm 11.083,59.95 d: 291.4
Antipodal to: Røros -168.633,-62.567
🇹🇴 Nuku'alofa -175.216,-21.136 d: 15381
🇦🇸 Pago Pago -170.701,-14.279 d: 14643.3
🇼🇸 Apia -171.76,-13.833 d: 14590.5
🇵🇫 Papeete -149.566,-17.537 d: 14794.5
🇺🇸 Hilo -155.089,19.725 d: 10787.2
🇺🇸 Maui -156.446,20.72 d: 10691.8
🇺🇸 Maui County -156.617,20.868 d: 10677.1
🇺🇸 Wailuku -156.505,20.894 d: 10673.1