Melsungen, Hesse, Germany

🇩🇪 Melsungen is a small climatic spa town in the Schwalm-Eder district in northern Hesse, Germany. In 1987, the town hosted the 27th Hessentag state festival.

Geography Melsungen lies on the river Fulda in the North Hesse Highlands. The streams Pfieffe and Kehrenbach, flow into the Fulda in the town. A few km downstream, the river Eder flows into the Fulda.

Geography: Location The nearest large towns are Kassel (downstream, about 22 km to the north) and Bad Hersfeld (upstream, about 32 km to the southeast).

Constituent communities Melsungen comprises several smaller communities. In addition to the main community, which is also called Melsungen, there are seven communities named Adelshausen, Günsterode, Kehrenbach, Kirchhof, Obermelsungen, Röhrenfurth and Schwarzenberg.

History Historical records of the town date from 802, but it was likely settled much earlier, during the Hallstatt period (9th to 4th Centuries BCE).

History: Middle Ages Melsungen had developed into a small town (burgus) by 1189. The town's coat of arms also originated at this time.

In the course of its history, Melsungen often changed hands. The fiercest fighting over the town was between the Archbishops of Mainz and the Landgraves of Hesse and Thuringia.

Melsungen achieved its importance from its location at the crossroads of three mediaeval trade routes, the Sälzerweg, running east–west; the Nürnberger Straße, running north–south; and Durch die langen Hessen (roughly translated "Through the Long Hesse").

Modern Age In 1554, a fire destroyed parts of the heart of town. In 1637, during the Thirty Years' War, the constituent community of Günsterode was laid waste.

From 1821 to 1974, Melsungen was an administrative centre and an independent district seat, until the Melsungen district was combined with the neighbouring Fritzlar-Homberg and Ziegenhain districts.

Places of interest • Fachwerkstadt (compact area featuring half-timbered houses in the Old Town) • Town Hall (from 1556), with Axe Whetter in the tower • Schloss (stately home built between 1550 and 1557 by Landgrave Philip) with garden • Marketplace • Bartenwetzerbrücke ("Axe Whetters' Bridge" built between 1595 and 1596) • Gothic town church (built between 1415 and 1425) • Hospitalskapelle St. Georg ("St George's Hospital Chapel") • Eulenturm ("Owl Tower"; a preserved tower from the old town wall) • Zweipfenningsbrücke ("Twopenny Bridge" from 1890) • Stirling-Bau (B. Braun Melsungen AG's Pfieffewiesen Works)

Sport • MT Melsungen (handball) • Melsunger Fußballverein 08 (football)

Regular events • Melsunger Weinfest (wine festival) • Melsunger Kabarett-Wettbewerb (cabaret contest) • Bad Liebenstein-Stafette (yearly relay)

Culinary specialities • Ahle Wurst (or Aahle Worscht), a kind of Hessian hard pork sausage. Its name is a dialectal form of alte Wurst – "old sausage".

Transport The town lies on Autobahn A 7. Federal Highway (Bundesstraße) B 83 runs through Melsungen and Bundesstraßen B 253 and B 487 both begin (or end) here.

Melsungen lies on the Kassel—Bebra—Fulda railway line and belongs to the North Hesse Transport Network. In May 2006 the RegioTram line RT5 (Kassel-Melsungen) began. It directly connects Melsungen with downtown Kassel. The line ends at present where the Melsungen-Süd return loop is still not finished. Further stations are being built at Melsungen-Schwarzenberg und Melsungen-Bartenwetzerbrücke.

Economy Melsungen is home to the firm of B. Braun Melsungen, which has a €3,500,000,000 yearly turnover, and about 35,100 employees worldwide (as of 2007).