Dublin, The Province of Leinster, Ireland

Economy | Transport : Road : Bus : Cycling : Rail | Rail and ferry | Dublin Airport | Other air transport | Education

🇮🇪 Dublin is the capital and largest city of Ireland. Situated on a bay on the east coast, at the mouth of the River Liffey, it lies within the province of Leinster. It is bordered on the south by the Dublin Mountains, a part of the Wicklow Mountains range. Dublin is a contemporary and historical centre for Irish education, arts and culture, administration and industry.

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Economy The Dublin region is the economic centre of Ireland, and was at the forefront of the country's economic expansion during the Celtic Tiger period. Dublin was listed as the fourth richest city in the world by purchasing power and 10th richest by personal income. According to Mercer's Worldwide Cost of Living Survey, Dublin is the 13th most expensive city in the European Union and the 58th most expensive place to live in the world. Approximately 874,400 people are employed in the Greater Dublin Area. Around 60% of people who are employed in Ireland's financial, ICT, and professional sectors are located in this area.

Guinness has been brewed at the St. James's Gate Brewery since 1759. Dublin has attracted a number of global pharmaceutical, information and communications technology companies to the city and Greater Dublin Area. Companies such as Microsoft, Google, Amazon, eBay, PayPal, Yahoo!, Facebook, Twitter, Accenture, TikTok and Pfizer now have European headquarters and/or operational bases in the city, with several located in enterprise clusters like the Digital Hub and Silicon Docks. The presence of these companies has driven economic expansion in the city and led to Dublin sometimes being referred to as the "Tech Capital of Europe".

Financial services have also become important to the city since the establishment of Dublin's International Financial Services Centre. More than 500 operations are approved to trade under the IFSC programme. The centre is host to half of the world's top 50 banks and to half of the top 20 insurance companies. Many international firms have established major headquarters in the city, such as Citibank. The Irish Stock Exchange (ISEQ), Internet Neutral Exchange (INEX) and Irish Enterprise Exchange (IEX) are also located in Dublin. The Celtic Tiger also led to a temporary boom in construction, with large redevelopment projects in the Dublin Docklands and Spencer Dock. Completed projects include the Convention Centre, the 3Arena, and the Bord Gáis Energy Theatre.

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Transport: Road The road network in Ireland is primarily focused on Dublin. The M50 motorway, a semi-ring road which runs around the south, west and north of the city, connects important national primary routes to the rest of the country. In 2008, the West-Link toll bridge was replaced by the eFlow barrier-free tolling system, with a three-tiered charge system based on electronic tags and car pre-registration.

The first phase of a proposed eastern bypass for the city is the Dublin Port Tunnel, which officially opened in 2006 to mainly cater for heavy vehicles. The tunnel connects Dublin Port and the M1 motorway close to Dublin Airport. The city is also surrounded by an inner and outer orbital route. The inner orbital route runs approximately around the heart of the Georgian city and the outer orbital route runs primarily along the natural circle formed by Dublin's two canals, the Grand Canal and the Royal Canal, as well as the North and South Circular Roads.

The 2016 TomTom Traffic Index ranked Dublin the 15th most congested city in the world and the 7th most congested in Europe.

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Transport: Bus Dublin is served by a network of nearly 200 bus routes which cover the city and suburbs. The majority of these are provided by Dublin Bus, with a modest number having been transferred to Go Ahead Ireland in 2018. A number of smaller companies also operate. Fares are generally calculated on a stage system based on distance travelled. There are several different levels of fares, which apply on most services. A "Real Time Passenger Information" system was introduced at Dublin Bus bus stops in 2012 in which signs relay display the projected time of the next buses' arrival based on its GPS position. The National Transport Authority is responsible for integration of bus and rail services in Dublin and has been involved in introducing a pre-paid smart card, called a Leap card, which can be used on all of Dublin's public transport services.

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Transport: Cycling The 2011 Census showed that 5.9 percent of commuters in Dublin cycled. A 2013 report by Dublin City Council on traffic flows crossing the canals in and out of the city found that just under 10% of all traffic was made up of cyclists, representing an increase of 14.1% over 2012 and an 87.2% increase over 2006 levels and is attributed to measures, such as, the Dublinbikes bike rental scheme, the provision of cycle lanes, public awareness campaigns to promote cycling and the introduction of the 30 km/h city centre speed limit.

Dublin City Council began installing cycle lanes and tracks throughout the city in the 1990s, and as of 2012 the city had over 200 km (120 mi) of specific on- and off-road tracks for cyclists. In 2011, the city was ranked 9th of major world cities on the Copenhagenize Index of Bicycle-Friendly Cities. The same index showed a fall to 15th in 2015, and Dublin was outside the top 20 in 2017.

Dublinbikes is a self-service bicycle rental scheme which has been in operation in Dublin since 2009. Sponsored by JCDecaux and Just Eat, the scheme consists of hundreds of unisex bicycles stationed at 44 terminals throughout the city centre. Users must make a subscription for either an annual Long Term Hire Card or purchase a three-day ticket. As of 2018, Dublinbikes had over 66,000 long-term subscribers making over 2 million journeys per year.

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Transport: Rail Heuston and Connolly stations are the two main railway termini in Dublin. Operated by Iarnród Éireann, the Dublin Suburban Rail network consists of five railway lines serving the Greater Dublin Area and commuter towns such as Drogheda and Dundalk in County Louth, Gorey in County Wexford, and extending as far as Portlaoise and once a day, Newry. One of the five lines is the electrified Dublin Area Rapid Transit (DART) line, which runs primarily along the coast of Dublin, comprising 31 stations, from Malahide and Howth southwards as far as Greystones in County Wicklow. Commuter rail operates on the other four lines using Irish Rail diesel multiple units. In 2013, passengers for DART and Dublin Suburban lines were 16 million and 11.7 million, respectively (around 75% of all Irish Rail passengers).

Dublin once had an extensive system of trams but this was largely phased out by 1949. A new light rail system, often described as a tram system, the Luas, was launched in 2004, and is run by Transdev Ireland (under contract from Transport Infrastructure Ireland), carrying over 34 million passengers annually. The network consists of two interconnecting lines; the Red Line links the Docklands and city centre with the south-western suburbs of Tallaght and Saggart, while the Green Line connects northern inner city suburbs and the main city centre with suburbs to the south of the city including Sandyford and Brides Glen. Together these lines comprise a total 67 stations and 44.5 km (27.7 mi) of track. Construction of a 6 km extension to the Green Line, bringing it into the north of the city, commenced in June 2013 and was opened for passenger travel on 9 December 2017.

A metro service is proposed under the name of Metrolink, and planned to run from Dublin's northside to Sandyford via Dublin Airport and St. Stephen's Green.

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Rail and ferry Dublin Connolly is connected by bus to Dublin Port and ferries run by Irish Ferries and Stena Line to Holyhead for connecting trains on the North Wales Coast Line to Chester, Crewe and London Euston. Dublin Connolly to Dublin Port can be reached via Amiens Street, Dublin into Store Street or by Luas via Busáras where Dublin Bus operates services to the Ferry Terminal.

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Dublin Airport Dublin Airport (owned and operated by DAA) is located north of Dublin city, near Swords in the administrative county of Fingal. The headquarters of Ireland's flag carrier Aer Lingus and regional airline CityJet are located there, and those of low-cost carrier Ryanair nearby. The airport offers a short and medium-haul network, domestic services to regional airports in Ireland, and long-haul services to the United States, Canada, the Middle East and Hong Kong. Dublin Airport is the 11th busiest in the European Union, and by far the busiest airport on the island of Ireland.

In 2014, Dublin Airport was the 18th busiest airport in Europe, serving over 21 million passengers. By 2016 this increased to 27.9 million passengers passing through the airport, establishing an all-time record supported by growth in both short- and long-haul networks. In 2015 and 2016, transatlantic traffic grew, with 158 summer flights a week to North America, making it the sixth largest European hub for that route over the year. Transatlantic traffic was also the fastest-growing segment of the market for the airport in 2016, in which a 16% increase from 2015 brought the yearly number of passengers travelling between Dublin and North America to 2.9 million.

From 2010 to 2016, Dublin Airport saw an increase of nearly 9.5 million passengers in its annual traffic, as the number of commercial aircraft movements has similarly followed a growth trend from 163,703 in 2013 to 191,233 in 2015.

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Other air transport Dublin is also served by Weston Airport and other small facilities, by a range of helicopter operators, and the military and some State services use Casement Aerodrome nearby.

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Education Dublin is the largest centre of education in Ireland, and is home to four universities and a number of other higher education institutions. It was the European Capital of Science in 2012.

The University of Dublin is the oldest university in Ireland, dating from the 16th century, and is located in the city centre. Its sole constituent college, Trinity College (TCD), was established by Royal Charter in 1592 under Elizabeth I. It was closed to Roman Catholics until 1793, and the Catholic hierarchy then banned Roman Catholics from attending until 1970. It is situated in the city centre, on College Green, and has over 18,000 students.

The National University of Ireland (NUI) has its seat in Dublin, which is also the location of the associated constituent university of University College Dublin (UCD), which has over 30,000 students. Founded in 1854, it is now the largest university in Ireland. UCD's main campus is at Belfield, about 5 km (3 mi) from the city centre, in the south-eastern suburbs.

As of 2019, Dublin's principal, and Ireland's largest, institution for technological education and research, Dublin Institute of Technology (DIT), with origins in 1887, has merged with two major suburban third level institutions, Institute of Technology, Tallaght and Institute of Technology, Blanchardstown, to form Technological University Dublin, Ireland's second largest university by student population. The new university offers a wide range of courses in areas include engineering, architecture, the sciences, health, journalism, digital media, hospitality, business, art and design, music and the humanities programmes, and has three long-term campuses, at Grangegorman, Tallaght and Blanchardstown.

Dublin City University (DCU), formerly the National Institute for Higher Education (NIHE) Dublin, offers courses in business, engineering, science, communication courses, languages and primary education. It has around 16,000 students, and its main campus is located about 7 km (4 mi) from the city centre, in the northern suburbs. Aside from the main Glasnevin Campus, the Drumcondra campuses includes the former St. Patrick's College of Education, Drumcondra now also hosting students from the nearby Mater Dei Institute of Education and students from the Church of Ireland College of Education at the DCU Campus at All Hallows College.

The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) conducts a medical school which is both a university (since 2019) and a recognised college of the NUI, and is situated at St. Stephen's Green in the city centre; there are also large medical schools within UCD and Trinity College. The National College of Art and Design (NCAD) provides education and research in art, design and media. The National College of Ireland (NCI) is also based in Dublin, as well as the Economic and Social Research Institute, a social science research institute, on Sir John Rogerson's Quay, and the Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies.

The Institute of International and European Affairs is also in Dublin. Dublin Business School (DBS) is Ireland's largest private third level institution with over 9,000 students located on Aungier Street, and Griffith College Dublin has its main facility in Portobello. There are also smaller specialised colleges, including The Gaiety School of Acting. The Irish public administration and management training centre has its base in Dublin, the Institute of Public Administration provides a range of undergraduate and post graduate awards via the National University of Ireland and in some instances, Queen's University Belfast.

Dublin is also home to the Royal Irish Academy, membership of which is considered Ireland's highest academic honour.

The suburban town of Dún Laoghaire is home to the Dún Laoghaire Institute of Art, Design and Technology (IADT), which supports training and research in art, design, business, psychology and media technology. Dublin joined the UNESCO Global Network of Learning Cities in 2019.

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Dublin, The Province of Leinster, Ireland 
<b>Dublin, The Province of Leinster, Ireland</b>
Image: Adobe Stock Irina #256006317

Dublin is rated Alpha − by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network (GaWC) which evaluates and ranks the relationships between world cities in the context of globalisation. Alpha level cities are linked to major economic states and regions and into the world economy.

Dublin is the #33 city in the world according to the Global Power City Index (GPCI) which evaluates and ranks the major cities of the world according to their magnetism, or their comprehensive power to attract people, capital, and enterprises from around the world. It does so through measuring six key functions: Economy, Research and Development, Cultural Interaction, Liveability, Environment, and Accessibility.

Dublin is the #41 city in the world according to the Global Financial Centres Index (GFCI) which evaluates and ranks the competitiveness of the major financial centres of the world according to a wide range of criteria – Human Capital, Business, Finance, Infrastructure and Reputation.

Dublin is ranked #14 and rated B by the Global Urban Competitiveness Report (GUCR) which evaluates and ranks world cities in the context of economic competitiveness. B cities are international hub cities. Dublin was ranked #201 by the Nomad List which evaluates and ranks remote work hubs by cost, internet, fun and safety. Dublin has a population of over 1,347,359 people. Dublin also forms part of the Greater Dublin metropolitan area which has a population of over 2,107,749 people. Dublin is the #184 hipster city in the world, with a hipster score of 3.5748 according to the Hipster Index which evaluates and ranks the major cities of the world according to the number of vegan eateries, coffee shops, tattoo studios, vintage boutiques, and record stores. Dublin is ranked #51 for startups with a score of 8.309.

To set up a UBI Lab for Dublin see: https://www.ubilabnetwork.org Twitter: https://twitter.com/UBILabNetwork

Dublin is a member of the UNESCO Creative Cities Network for Literature see: https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities

Twin Towns, Sister Cities Dublin has links with:

🇪🇸 Barcelona, Spain 🇨🇳 Beijing, China 🇺🇸 Cambridge, USA 🇨🇳 Cheongwen, China 🇮🇩 Cirebon, Indonesia 🇲🇽 Guadalajara, Mexico 🇺🇸 Holyoke, USA 🇪🇸 León, Spain 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 Liverpool, England 🇯🇵 Matsue, Japan 🇷🇺 Moscow, Russia 🇵🇸 Nablus, Palestine 🇺🇸 San José, USA 🇨🇳 Shunyi, China 🇷🇺 St Petersburg, Russia 🇬🇪 Tbilisi, Georgia 🇨🇴 Tunja, Colombia 🇨🇳 Wuhan, China
Text Atribution: Wikipedia Text under CC-BY-SA license | GPCI | GFCI | GaWC | GUCR | Hipster Index | Nomad | StartupBlink

  • Leonard Aloysius Scott Stokes |

    🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 Architect/Sculptor Leonard Aloysius Scott Stokes is associated with Dublin. Much of his work was for the Roman Catholic Church for whom he designed churches, schools and convents.

  • Alexander (Alec) Gibson |

    🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 Architect Alexander (Alec) Gibson is associated with Dublin. In 1948 he joined the London-based multidisciplinary design studio Design Research Unit (DRU).

  • Alfred Edwin Jones |

    Architect Alfred Edwin Jones is associated with Dublin.

  • William Richard Gleave |

    🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 Architect William Richard Gleave is associated with Dublin. He paid an important role in the revival of the Architectural Association of Ireland (AAI).

  • Thomas Newenham Deane |

    🇮🇪 Architect/Painter Thomas Newenham Deane is associated with Dublin.

  • Thomas Deane |

    🇮🇪 Architect Thomas Deane is associated with Dublin.

  • Thomas Drew |

    🇮🇪 Architect Thomas Drew is associated with Dublin. He was Professor of Architecture at the Royal Hibernian Academy in Dublin from 1884 to 1910.

  • James Gandon |

    🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 🇮🇪 Architect James Gandon is associated with Dublin. In 1791 he was made an honorary member of the London Architects' Club.

  • Benjamin Woodward |

    🇮🇪 Architect Benjamin Woodward is associated with Dublin.

  • William Alphonsus Scott |

    🇮🇪 Architect William Alphonsus Scott is associated with Dublin. He was influenced by the Arts and Crafts movement, particularly by C.F.A. Voysey.

  • Rudolph Maximilian Butler |

    🇮🇪 Architect Rudolph Maximilian Butler is associated with Dublin.

  • Albert Walter Moore |

    🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 Architect Albert Walter Moore is associated with Dublin. He was a member of the Royal Institute of Architects in Ireland and Secretary of the Architectural Association of Ireland.

  • Paul Boissevain |

    🇳🇱 Architect/Lighting Designer Paul Boissevain is associated with Dublin.

  • Frank Scarlett |

    🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 Architect/Painter Frank Scarlett is associated with Dublin.

  • Richard Francis Caulfeild Orpen |

    🇮🇪 Architect/Graphic Artist/Painter/Illustrator Richard Francis Caulfeild Orpen is associated with Dublin. He was a member of the Guild of Irish Art-Workers.

  • Thomas Ivory |

    🇮🇪 Architect Thomas Ivory is associated with Dublin. His reputation as an architect was established when, in 1773, he won the competition to design the Blue Coat School in Dublin.

  • John Matthew Fairweather |

    🇮🇪 Architect John Matthew Fairweather is associated with Dublin. He was President of the Royal Institute of the Architects of Ireland (RIAI) in 1950 and 1951. 

  • Hubert Lidbetter |

    🇮🇪 Architect Hubert Lidbetter is associated with Dublin. He was a conscientious objector in WW1.

  • Raymond McGrath |

    🇦🇺 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 🇮🇪 Architect/Interior/Furniture/Glass Designer/Painter/Etcher Raymond McGrath is associated with Dublin. He designed radio cabinets for Ecko and a wall clock (the Synchronome) for Abbey Electric Clock Works.

  • Kevin Roche |

    🇮🇪 🇺🇸 Architect Kevin Roche is associated with Dublin. He was a member of the Accademia Nazionale di San Luca in Italy.

  • Claude Pemberton Leach |

    🇮🇪 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 Architect Claude Pemberton Leach is associated with Dublin. During World War One he invented a bomb-throwing catapult called the Leach Trench Catapult.

  • Richard Cromwell Carpenter |

    🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 Architect Richard Cromwell Carpenter is associated with Dublin. The influence of Pugin and the Gothic Revival architects is evident in much of his work.

  • Robert Adam |

    🏴󠁧󠁢󠁳󠁣󠁴󠁿 Architect/Furniture Designer/Interior Decorator Robert Adam is associated with Dublin. He was acknowledged as the leading architect in Britain in the 1750s and the 1780s.

  • Thomas Henry Wyatt |

    🇮🇪 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 Architect Thomas Henry Wyatt is associated with Dublin. He was President of the Royal institute of British architects (PRIBA) from 1870 to 1873.

Antipodal to Dublin is: 173.75,-53.35

Locations Near: Dublin -6.25,53.35

🇮🇪 Fingal -6.218,53.46 d: 12.4  

🇮🇪 Swords -6.218,53.46 d: 12.4  

🇮🇪 Dún Laoghaire -6.14,53.3 d: 9.2  

🇮🇪 Tallaght -6.357,53.289 d: 9.9  

🇮🇪 Blanchardstown -6.38,53.387 d: 9.6  

🇮🇪 South Dublin -6.4,53.3 d: 11.4  

🇮🇪 Bray -6.1,53.2 d: 19.4  

🇮🇪 Drogheda -6.353,53.715 d: 41.1  

🇮🇪 Wicklow -6.033,52.978 d: 43.8  

🇮🇪 Naas -6.663,53.217 d: 31.2  

Antipodal to: Dublin 173.75,-53.35

🇳🇿 Dunedin 170.474,-45.884 d: 19152.2  

🇳🇿 Balclutha 169.75,-46.233 d: 19173.6  

🇳🇿 Otago 170.483,-45.867 d: 19150.6  

🇳🇿 Invercargill 168.373,-46.413 d: 19153.4  

🇳🇿 Queenstown 168.658,-45.033 d: 19019.6  

🇳🇿 Christchurch 172.617,-43.517 d: 18918.5  

🇳🇿 Canterbury 171.58,-43.543 d: 18913.1  

🇳🇿 Richmond 173.183,-41.333 d: 18678.2  

🇳🇿 Nelson 173.284,-41.269 d: 18671.3  

🇳🇿 Wellington 174.767,-41.283 d: 18671.2  

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