Cidade Velha, Santiago Island, Cape Verde

Geography | History | Sites of interest

๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ป Cidade Velha (Santiago de Cabo Verde) is a city in the southern part of the island of Santiago, Cape Verde. Founded in 1462, it is the oldest settlement in Cape Verde and its former capital. Once called Ribeira Grande, its name was changed to Cidade Velha in the late 18th century. It is the seat of the Ribeira Grande de Santiago municipality.

Located off Africa's north-west coast, this town was the first European colonial settlement in the tropics. Some of the meticulously planned original design of the site is still intact, including a royal fortress, two churches and a 16th-century town square. Today, Cidade Velha is an Atlantic shipping stop and centre for Creole culture. The city became a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the Seven Wonders of Portuguese Origin in the World in 2009.

Geography Cidade Velha is situated on the south coast of Santiago, at the mouth of the river Ribeira Grande de Santiago. It is 10 km (6 miles) west of the capital Praia. City subdivisions include Largo Pelourinho, Sรฃo Sebastiรฃo, Santo Antรณnio and Sรฃo Pedro.

History The island of Santiago was discovered by Antรณnio da Noli, a Genoese in Portuguese service, in 1460. Da Noli settled at Ribeira Grande with his family members and Portuguese from Algarve and Alentejo in 1462. The settling conditions were good due to the abundance of water from the river Ribeira Grande, which gave it an advantage over the other settlement on Santiago, Alcatrazes. The settlement became a key port of call for Portuguese colonisation towards Africa and South America. In the 16th and 17th centuries, it was a centre of maritime trade between Africa, the Cape, Brazil and the Caribbean. Due to its proximity to the African coast, it was an essential platform for the trade of enslaved persons.

Cidade Velha's port was a stopping place for two great navigators: Vasco da Gama, in 1497, on his way to India, and Christopher Columbus, in 1498, while on his third voyage to the Americas. In 1522, it was the stopping place for the later explorer Ferdinand Magellan's expedition, under Spain on the final leg of the survivors circumnavigation the world.

Cidade Velha has the oldest colonial church in the world - Nossa Senhora do Rosรกrio church, which was constructed in 1495. In 1533, Cidade Velha became the seat of the new Roman Catholic Diocese of Santiago de Cabo Verde, created by papal bull of Pope Clement VII. Currently, the seat is in Praia.

The riches of Ribeira Grande and conflicts between Portugal and rival colonial powers France and Britain attracted pirate attacks, including those by Francis Drake (1585) and Jacques Cassard (1712). Despite the construction of Forte Real de Sรฃo Filipe in 1587โ€“93, Ribeira Grande remained vulnerable and went into decline. The capital was moved to Praia in 1770.

Ribeira Grande (now Cidade Velha) was reduced to the rank of a village and its civil, religious and military buildings went in decay. Since the 1960s, restoration works have begun. In 2009, it became a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Sites of interest โ€ข Pelourinho (Pillory), erected in 1512 or 1520. At this marble pillar rebellious slaves were punished publicly. It was restored in the 1960s. It stands at the main square of the city. โ€ข Forte Real de Sรฃo Filipe, constructed in 1587โ€“93. This fort was built as defence from pirate attacks (mainly French and English). The elevation is 120 m above sea level. โ€ข Nossa Senhora do Rosรกrio church, the oldest colonial church in the world, built in 1495. It has a side chapel in Manueline Gothic style. โ€ข the ruined Sรฉ Cathedral, construction started in 1556 and completed in 1705, pillaged in 1712. Its impressive ruins (the church was 60 m long) have been conserved in 2004.:โ€Š0โ€Š โ€ข the ruined convent of Sรฃo Francisco, built in 1657 on a slope outside the city centre. The convent church has been restored in 2002. โ€ข many traditional houses can be found along the streets rua Banana and rua Carreira.:โ€Šโ€Š

Cape Verde Time 
Cape Verde Time
Image: Adobe Stock Viktor Posnov #325132314

Cidade Velha has a population of over 1,214 people. Cidade Velha also forms part of the wider Santiago Island which has a population of over 294,135 people. Cidade Velha is situated near Praia.

Cidade Velha is a member of the OWHC: Organization of World Heritage Cities with: ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ฑ Acre ๐Ÿ‡ณ๐Ÿ‡ช Agadez ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ณ Ahmedabad ๐Ÿ‡ฐ๐Ÿ‡ฟ Aktau ๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ธ Alcalรก de Henares ๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡พ Aleppo ๐Ÿ‡ฉ๐Ÿ‡ฟ Algiers ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ณ Amber ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ณ Amer ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ Amsterdam ๐Ÿ‡ณ๐Ÿ‡ฑ Amsterdam ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ Amsterdam ๐Ÿ‡ฐ๐Ÿ‡ท Andong ๐Ÿ‡ต๐Ÿ‡น Angra do Heroรญsmo ๐Ÿ‡ฑ๐Ÿ‡ฐ Anuradhapura ๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ธ Aranjuez ๐Ÿ‡ต๐Ÿ‡ช Arequipa ๐Ÿ‡ฉ๐Ÿ‡ช Augsburg ๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ธ Avila ๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ธ Baeza ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ท Bam ๐Ÿ‡ฉ๐Ÿ‡ช Bamberg ๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ฐ Banskรก ล tiavnica ๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ฐ Bardejov ๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ง Bath ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ Bath ๐Ÿ‡ณ๐Ÿ‡ฑ Beemster ๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ท Belo Horizonte ๐Ÿ‡น๐Ÿ‡ท Bergama ๐Ÿ‡ณ๐Ÿ‡ด Bergen ๐Ÿ‡ณ๐Ÿ‡ฑ Bergen ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ Berlin ๐Ÿ‡ฉ๐Ÿ‡ช Berlin ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ Berlin ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ Berlin ๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ญ Bern ๐Ÿ‡ฉ๐Ÿ‡ช Bernau bei Berlin ๐Ÿ‡ณ๐Ÿ‡ต Bhaktapur ๐Ÿ‡ท๐Ÿ‡ด Biertan ๐Ÿ‡ฐ๐Ÿ‡ท Boeun ๐Ÿ‡ท๐Ÿ‡บ Bolgar ๐Ÿ‡ซ๐Ÿ‡ท Bordeaux ๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ท Brasรญlia ๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ง Bridgetown ๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ช Bruges ๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ช Brussels ๐Ÿ‡ญ๐Ÿ‡บ Budapest ๐Ÿ‡น๐Ÿ‡ท Bursa ๐Ÿ‡ฐ๐Ÿ‡ท Buyeo ๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ธ Cรกceres ๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ฌ Cairo ๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡บ Camaguey 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Antipodal to Cidade Velha is: 156.394,-14.916

Locations Near: Cidade Velha -23.606,14.916

๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ป Praia -23.521,14.923 d: 9.1  

๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ป Mindelo -24.967,16.85 d: 259.7  

๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ณ Dakar -17.441,14.674 d: 663.3  

๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ณ Pikine -17.4,14.75 d: 667.3  

๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ณ Guรฉdiawaye -17.394,14.776 d: 667.8  

๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ณ Rufisque -17.267,14.717 d: 681.8  

๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ณ M'bour -16.967,14.417 d: 716.3  

๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ณ Thiรจs -16.917,14.783 d: 719.1  

๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ฒ Kanifing -16.681,13.443 d: 764.2  

๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ฒ Serrekunda -16.678,13.435 d: 764.8  

Antipodal to: Cidade Velha 156.394,-14.916

๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ง Honiara 159.95,-9.433 d: 19293.3  

๐Ÿ‡ฆ๐Ÿ‡บ Mackay 149.184,-21.143 d: 18985.6  

๐Ÿ‡ต๐Ÿ‡ฌ Buka 154.667,-5.417 d: 18942.1  

๐Ÿ‡ฆ๐Ÿ‡บ Rockhampton 150.504,-23.374 d: 18889.8  

๐Ÿ‡ฆ๐Ÿ‡บ Gladstone 151.25,-23.85 d: 18885  

๐Ÿ‡ณ๐Ÿ‡จ Konรฉ 164.852,-21.059 d: 18890.1  

๐Ÿ‡ฆ๐Ÿ‡บ Townsville 146.818,-19.258 d: 18889  

๐Ÿ‡ต๐Ÿ‡ฌ Port Moresby 147.193,-9.459 d: 18845.8  

๐Ÿ‡ฆ๐Ÿ‡บ Cairns 145.771,-16.923 d: 18857.6  

๐Ÿ‡ฆ๐Ÿ‡บ Hervey Bay 152.855,-25.29 d: 18804  

Bing Map

Option 1