Bad Dürrheim, Baden-Württemberg, Germany

🇩🇪 Bad Dürrheim (Low Alemannic: Diirä) is a town in the district of Schwarzwald-Baar, in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is situated east of the Black Forest, 8 km north of Donaueschingen, and 6 km south-east of Villingen.

From 1951 until 1978, Bad Dürrheim was a location of a broadcasting transmitter for mediumwave.

Geography Bad Dürrheim is located in the middle of the Baarhochmulde between Schwenningen and Donaueschingen.

Neighboring communities Bad Dürrheim borders in the north with Villingen-Schwenningen and the municipality of Tuningen, in the east with Talheim, Immendingen and Geisingen, all three in the district of Tuttlingen, in the south-west with Donaueschingen and in the west with the municipality of Brigachtal.

Larger cities in the vicinity Nine km north-west is the twin city of Villingen-Schwenningen, nine km south of Donaueschingen. Freiburg is 50 km west.

City division The city of Bad Dürrheim includes the districts of Biesingen, Hochemmingen, Oberbaldingen, Öfingen, Sunthausen and Unterbaldingen. The districts are spatially identical to the formerly independent and 1971/72 incorporated municipalities of the same name. The official name of the districts is preceded by the preceding name of the city and by hyphen separated by hyphen followed by the name of the respective district.

The residential area Mühle belongs to the Biesingen district. The district of Hochemmingen includes the residential areas Hirschhalde and Waldkaffee and the district Unterbaldingen includes the residential areas Jägerhaus Unterhölzer, Torhäusle Unterhölzer and Ziegelei. In the district of Öfingen is the Wüstung Gebtenhausen, in the district of Sunthausen the Wüstung Schaffhausen and in the district of Unterbaldingen are the Wüstungen Sebenhausen and Pfefflingen or Pfeffingen as well as the risen village of Efringen. 2]

Nature Next to Bad Dürrheim's spa nursery is an almost eight-hectare area, which was formerly used for agriculture, but has fallen fallow since the 1960s. An species-like country reed stock developed, plants such as iris and wort and birds such as the lapwing disappeared. In 2016 there was only one pair, but then 15 water buffaloes were brought here on behalf of the Regierungspräsidium Freiburg and a pond was created for the Krickente. In 2017 there were three pairs of Kibitz, in 2018 six. Other bird species such as wind and water ralle, the dwarf diver and the long-bellied snipe have also settled in the meantime. Next to the buffalo pasture is a small meadow with many butterflies, grasshoppers and small toads. Consideration is being given to expanding the area towards the south. 3]

Protected areas See also:List of natural monuments in Bad Dürrheim

Bad Dürrheim has a share in the four nature reserves Unterhölzer Wald, Birken-Mittelmeß, Albtrauf-Baar and Schwenninger Moos as well as in the two FFH areas Baar, Eschach and Southeast Black Forest and Northern Baaralb and Danube near Immendingen. A large part of the city area also belongs to the Baar bird sanctuary. The Bad Dürrheim district also belongs to the Southern Black Forest Nature Park.

History In a document dated 888 to 890, Dürrheim was mentioned as "Durroheim" for the first time. 5] Other versions of the name were "Diureheim" or "Diere" - in the dialect it is still said so today. At the time of its foundation, the place was in the Duchy of Swabia. Around 1300, Dürrheim belonged to the coming of the Order of St. John/Maltes in Villingen. The official seat of the Johannitervogt was the Hänslehof, which still exists today. In 1805, Dürrheim came to the Kingdom of Württemberg, in 1806 through the exchange and epuration treaty to the Grand Duchy of Baden.

In 1822, an underground salt storage was found during drilling under the mountain councilor Carl Josef Selb. The brine with a salt content of 27% was extracted from 1823 and boiled in the saline in large boiling pans to table salt. Since 1883, the brine has been used for bath cures (therefore Solbad). From July 1885 to September 1889, the physician Ernst Georg Kürz (1859–1937) worked here or in Bad Rappenau as a salt and bathing doctor with the classicist buildings of F. Arnold "Ludwigssaline" equipped in the wine burner style. In 1921 Dürrheim received the title Bad. The Dürrheimer Saline was united with the Saline Bad Rappenau in the 1920s and in the 1960s part of the Südwestdeutsche Salz AG, which merged with the Heilbronner Salzwerk in 1971 to formSüdwestdeutsche Salzwerke AG, and then shut down for economic reasons.

West of Ankenbuck, a farm that was used as a concentration camp after the National Socialists seized power from 1933 to 1934, the station Bad Dürrheim for Mittelwelle was located from 1950 to 1978.

In the course of the municipal area reform in Baden-Württemberg, on the 1st September 1971 incorporated the previously independent municipalities of Biesingen, Oberbaldingen and Öfingen. On the 1st January 1972 was followed by the incorporation of Hochemmingen and Sunthausen. Unterbaldingen was on the 1st April 1972 incorporated. Bad Dürrheim has been since the 28th. May 1974 a city.

Previously, the core city of Bad Dürrheim belonged until the district reform on the 1st. January 1973 to the district of Villingen, all districts until their respective incorporation into the district of Donaueschingen.

In 1994, Bad Dürrheim hosted the Landesgartenschau Baden-Württemberg. On the 3rd In March 2009, Off Road Kids was a station at Germany - Land of Ideas in Bad Dürrheim. 8]

Religions In Bad Dürrheim there is both a Protestant and a Roman Catholic parish. The New Apostolic Church and a Christian Gospel Community are also represented in the city.

Culture and sights Bad Dürrheim is located on the Ostweg, a long-distance hiking route that leads past many sights. • Saline, built between 1823 and 1826 • Kurpark • Salinensee

Customs • Bad Dürrheim is a stronghold of the Swabian-Aalemannian carnival on the Baar. The Fasnet in Bad Dürrheim is run by the Narrenzunft Bad Dürrheim e. V. operated. The most important fool figures are the Narro (a white fool) and the Salzhansel. Other fool figures are the old fool, the Sieder and the single figure of the salt spirit. The Narrenzunft Bad Dürrheim was founded in 1925, it emerged directly from the "Gesellschaft Frohsinn" founded in 1833. Since 1929, the Narrenzunft has been a member of the Association of Schwäbisch-Alemannischer Narrenzünfte (VSAN).

Museums • Narrenschopf - Swabian-Alemannic Carnival Museum with collections on the Swabian-German carnival • Local history museum at the bus station, open on Sundays from 2 p.m. to 5 p.m.

Sport • Every year, the RiderMan for hobby, leisure and amateur cyclists takes place in Bad Dürrheim. The RiderMan is the only German race to belong to the Golden Bike series of the World Cycling Association UCI. • The Solemar Bad Dürrheim is a wellness and health centre opened in 1987 directly at the spa park with 800 m² water area in eleven pools, with brine spa, sauna (Black Forest sauna), dead sea salt grotto, therapeutic fitness centre and restaurant. 12] • Minara, indoor pool (children's and sports pool with diving tower). The outdoor pool was closed in 2019. • Sports park with offer for golf, archery, tennis, Nordic walking, climbing/bouldering, mini golf, boules, pit-pat, cycling (bicycle rental); indoor sports hall, two sports fields used by FC 1919 Bad Dürrheim (football, athletics)

Economy and infrastructure The health and tourism sector is the most important economic sector of the city, in which most workers are also employed, especially in the local clinics. The city of Bad Dürrheim has concentrated the tourist activities in a 100% subsidiary, the Kur- und Bäder GmbH Bad Dürrheim. In 2010, the company of the "Sonderpreis ServiceQualität" of the German Tourism Association e. V. In 2013, the state of Baden-Württemberg awarded the city the third predicate of Kneipp spa after the predicates of heilklimatischer Kurort and Solebad.

Important employers are also some companies in the precision mechanical industry, the plastics industry and electrical engineering as well as several hypermarkets in the north of the city. In the course of the health care reform, more and more clinics and pensions have recently experienced economic difficulties, so that in 2004 the traditional Haus Hohenbaden, a mother cure clinic of the Baden Red Cross, and the Karolushaus, a private sanatorium, closed. In April 2005, the Kurheim and Sanatorium, a private clinic owned by a Catholic Order, closed. For the settlement of new companies, the industrial area "Auf Stocken" was newly developed by the city. In the meantime, the Karolushaus was reopened as a hotel on the Solegarten; the former spa and sanatorium was also reopened as a hotel. At the end of 2012, the Irma rehabilitation clinic was closed.

Largest employers Luisenklinik, Society for Behavioural Medicine and Health Research AG (GVG AG) 252 179

plastic Christel; Kur und Bäder GmbH Bad Dürrheim (among others Wellness and Health Center Solemar); City of Bad Dürrheim; Kaufland Handelshof GmbH & Co. KG; Bad Dürrheimer Mineralbrunnen GmbH+Co. KG; Waldeck SPA Kur- & Wellness Resort; KWA Kurstift Bad Dürrheim; Schloss-Klinik Sonnenbühl (Vital-Kliniken).

Traffic In Bad Dürrheim, the Bundesstraße 27 (Stuttgart-Schaffhausen/Switzerland) meets the B 33 (Konstanz-Offenburg). The city is located near the A 81 between Stuttgart and Singen exit 35, 36 and 37 (A 864). Via the B 27/33 you can reach the B 31 in Donaueschingen (9 km) to Freiburg im Breisgau and Friedrichshafen on Lake Constance.

The nearest airports are Schwenningen and Donaueschingen. The nearest international airports are Zurich (80 km) and Stuttgart (95 km).

From 1904 to 1966, Bad Dürrheim was connected to the railway network by a railway line from Marbach. Passenger traffic ended as early as 1953. Today, the Villingen, Schwenningen and Donalenden train stations can be reached from Bad Dürrheim with bus lines of the Südbadenbus. Public transport is guaranteed by the Verkehrsverbund Schwarzwald-Baar-Heuberg.

Education In Bad Dürrheim, there is a secondary school as well as a primary and secondary school in the Salinensee and in Oberbaldingen their own primary school. For the youngest, there are nine kindergartens in the city, two of which are each in Protestant and Roman Catholic sponsorship. The remaining five kindergartens (including a forest kindergarten) are operated by the city.

At university level, there was a university university institute for the first time in Bad Dürrheim between 2008 and 2018, the Institute for Pedagogical Management of the Steinbeis-Hochschule Berlin, which offered bachelor's and master's degree programs in the field of health and education management in Bad Dürrheim.

The Bad Dürrheim city library houses (as of 2015) 4,400 books, which is unusually little for a city of this size. The Protestant spa and community library is larger with 7,000 media.