🇹🇷 Ankara, historically known as Ancyra and Angora, is the capital of Turkey. Located in the central part of Anatolia, the city is Turkey's second-largest city.
Serving as the capital of the ancient Celtic state of Galatia (280 – 64 BC), and later of the Roman province with the same name (25 BC – 7th century), the city is very old, with various Hattian, Hittite, Lydian, Phrygian, Galatian, Greek, Persian, Roman, Byzantine, and Ottoman archaeological sites. The Ottomans made the city the capital first of the Anatolia Eyalet (1393 – late 15th century) and then the Angora Vilayet (1867–1922). The historical centre of Ankara is a rocky hill rising 150 m (500 ft) over the left bank of the Ankara River, a tributary of the Sakarya River. The hill remains crowned by the ruins of Ankara Castle. Although few of its outworks have survived, there are well-preserved examples of Roman and Ottoman architecture throughout the city, the most remarkable being the 20 BC Temple of Augustus and Rome that boasts the Monumentum Ancyranum, the inscription recording the Res Gestae Divi Augusti.
On 23 April 1920, the Grand National Assembly of Turkey was established in Ankara, which became the headquarters of the Turkish National Movement during the Turkish War of Independence. Ankara became the new Turkish capital upon the establishment of the Republic on 29 October 1923, succeeding in this role as the former Turkish capital Istanbul following the fall of the Ottoman Empire. The government is a prominent employer, but Ankara is also an important commercial and industrial city located at the centre of Turkey's road and railway networks. The city gave its name to the Angora wool shorn from Angora rabbits, the long-haired Angora goat (the source of mohair), and the Angora cat. The area is also known for its pears, honey and muscat grapes. Although situated in one of the driest regions of Turkey and surrounded mostly by steppe vegetation (except for the forested areas on the southern periphery), Ankara can be considered a green city in terms of green areas per inhabitant, at 72 square meters (775 square feet) per head.
Ankara and its province are located in the Central Anatolia Region of Turkey. The Çubuk Brook flows through the city centre of Ankara. It is connected in the western suburbs of the city to the Ankara River, which is a tributary of the Sakarya River.
1Economy Ankara has long been a productive agricultural region in Anatolia. In the Ottoman period, Ankara was well known for producing grain, cotton, and fruits.
The city has exported mohair (from the Angora goat) and Angora wool (from the Angora rabbit) internationally for centuries. In the 19th century, the city also exported substantial amounts of goat and cat skins, gum, wax, honey, berries, and madder root. It was connected to Istanbul by railway before the First World War, continuing to export mohair, wool, berries, and grain.
The Central Anatolia Region is one of the primary locations of grape and wine production in Turkey, and Ankara is particularly famous for its Kalecik Karası and Muscat grapes; and its Kavaklıdere wine, which is produced in the Kavaklıdere neighborhood within the Çankaya district of the city. Ankara is also famous for its pears. Another renowned natural product of Ankara is its indigenous type of honey (Ankara Balı) which is known for its light color and is mostly produced by the Atatürk Forest Farm and Zoo in the Gazi district, and by other facilities in the Elmadağ, Çubuk and Beypazarı districts. Çubuk-1 and Çubuk-2 dams on the Çubuk Brook in Ankara were among the first dams constructed in the Turkish Republic.
Ankara is the centre of the state-owned and private Turkish defence and aerospace companies, where the industrial plants and headquarters of the Turkish Aerospace Industries, MKE, ASELSAN, HAVELSAN, ROKETSAN, FNSS, Nurol Makina, and numerous other firms are located. Exports to foreign countries from these defense and aerospace firms have steadily increased in the past decades. The IDEF in Ankara is one of the largest international expositions of the global arms industry. A number of the global automotive companies also have production facilities in Ankara, such as the German bus and truck manufacturer MAN SE. Ankara hosts the OSTIM Industrial Zone, Turkey's largest industrial park.
A large percentage of the complicated employment in Ankara is provided by the state institutions; such as the ministries, subministries, and other administrative bodies of the Turkish government. There are also many foreign citizens working as diplomats or clerks in the embassies of their respective countries.
1Education: University Ankara is noted, within Turkey, for the multitude of universities it is home to. These include the following, several of them being among the most reputable in the country: • Ankara University • Atılım University • Başkent University • Bilkent University • Çankaya University • Gazi University • Gülhane Military Medical Academy • Hacettepe University • İpek University • Middle East Technical University • TED University • TOBB University of Economics and Technology • Turkish Aeronautical Association University • Turkish Military Academy • Turkish National Police Academy • Ufuk University • Yıldırım Beyazıt University.
1Ankara is rated Gamma by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network (GaWC) which evaluates and ranks the relationships between world cities in the context of globalisation. Gamma level cities are cities that link smaller economic regions into the world economy.
Ankara is rated C by the Global Urban Competitiveness Report (GUCR) which evaluates and ranks world cities in the context of economic competitiveness. C cities are international gateway cities. Ankara was ranked #492 by the Nomad List which evaluates and ranks remote work hubs by cost, internet, fun and safety. Ankara has a population of over 4,500,000 people. Ankara also forms the centre of the wider Ankara Province which has a population of over 5,639,076 people. Ankara is ranked #210 for startups with a score of 1.932.
To set up a UBI Lab for Ankara see: https://www.ubilabnetwork.org Twitter: https://twitter.com/UBILabNetwork
Twin Towns, Sister Cities Ankara has links with:
🇪🇹 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 🇹🇷 Alanya, Turkey 🇯🇴 Amman, Jordan 🇹🇲 Ashgabat, Turkmenistan 🇰🇿 Astana, Kazakhstan 🇹🇭 Bangkok, Thailand 🇨🇳 Beijing, China 🇰🇬 Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan 🇬🇼 Bissau, Guinea-Bissau 🇷🇴 Bucharest, Romania 🇭🇺 Budapest, Hungary 🇪🇬 Cairo, Egypt 🇨🇳 Cheongwen, China 🇲🇩 Chișinău, Moldova 🇸🇾 Damascus, Syria 🇩🇯 Djibouti, Djibouti 🇶🇦 Doha, Qatar 🇹🇯 Dushanbe, Tajikistan 🇻🇳 Hanoi, Vietnam 🇨🇺 Havana, Cuba 🇵🇰 Islamabad, Pakistan 🇦🇫 Kabul, Afghanistan 🇷🇺 Kazan, Russia 🇸🇩 Khartoum, Sudan 🇨🇩 Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo 🇲🇾 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 🇰🇼 Kuwait City, Kuwait 🇺🇦 Kyiv, Ukraine 🇸🇮 Ljubljana, Slovenia 🇧🇭 Manama, Bahrain 🇲🇿 Maputo, Mozambique 🇧🇾 Minsk, Belarus 🇸🇴 Mogadishu, Somalia 🇷🇺 Moscow, Russia 🇨🇾 North Nicosia, Cyprus 🇰🇿 Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan 🇲🇪 Podgorica, Montenegro 🇽🇰 Pristina, Kosovo 🇾🇪 Sanaa, Yemen 🇨🇱 Santiago, Chile 🇧🇦 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina 🇰🇷 Seoul, South Korea 🇨🇳 Shunyi, China 🇲🇰 Skopje, North Macedonia 🇧🇬 Sofia, Bulgaria 🇺🇿 Tashkent, Uzbekistan 🇬🇪 Tbilisi, Georgia 🇮🇷 Tehran, Iran 🇦🇱 Tirana, Albania 🇹🇳 Tunis, Tunisia 🇷🇺 Ufa, Russia 🇲🇳 Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia 🇦🇹 Vienna, Austria 🇺🇸 Washington D.C., USA 🇭🇷 Zagreb, Croatia🇺🇸 Zanesville 39.933
🇪🇸 Villarreal 39.933
🇺🇸 Chambersburg 39.927
🇺🇸 Springfield 39.917
Locations Near: Ankara 32.8406,39.9389
🇹🇷 Altındağ 32.867,39.95 d: 2.5
🇹🇷 Çankaya 32.883,39.917 d: 4.4
🇹🇷 Kırıkkale 33.5,39.833 d: 57.5
🇹🇷 Çankırı 33.617,40.6 d: 98.7
Antipodal to: Ankara -147.159,-39.939
🇵🇫 Papeete -149.566,-17.537 d: 17513.4
🇹🇴 Nuku'alofa -175.216,-21.136 d: 16635.7
🇦🇸 Pago Pago -170.701,-14.279 d: 16355.8
🇼🇸 Apia -171.76,-13.833 d: 16250.1
🇺🇸 Hilo -155.089,19.725 d: 13329.9
🇺🇸 Maui -156.446,20.72 d: 13201.6
🇺🇸 Maui County -156.617,20.868 d: 13182.9
🇺🇸 Kahului -156.466,20.891 d: 13182.5