Melbourne, Victoria, Australia


๐Ÿ‡ฆ๐Ÿ‡บ Melbourne is the capital and most-populous city of the Australian state of Victoria, and the second-most populous city in Oceania. Its name refers to a metropolitan area comprising an urban agglomeration of 31 local municipalities known as Greater Melbourne, although the name is also commonly used specifically for the local municipality of City of Melbourne based around its central business area. The city occupies much of the northern and eastern coastlines of Port Phillip Bay and spreads into the Mornington Peninsula and the hinterlands towards the Yarra Valley, the Dandenong and Macedon Ranges.

Home to Aboriginal peoples for over 40,000 years, the Melbourne area served as a popular meeting place for local Kulin nation clans, Naarm being the traditional Boon wurrung name for Port Phillip Bay. During the 1850s Victorian gold rush, the city entered a lengthy boom period that, by the late 1880s, had transformed it into one of the world's largest and wealthiest metropolises. Today, it is a leading financial centre in the Asia-Pacific region.

Melbourne is home to many of Australia's best-known landmarks, such as the Melbourne Cricket Ground, the National Gallery of Victoria and the World Heritage-listed Royal Exhibition Building. Noted for its cultural heritage, the city gave rise to Australian rules football, Australian impressionism and Australian cinema, and has more recently been recognised as a UNESCO City of Literature and a global centre for street art, live music and theatre. It hosts major annual international events, such as the Australian Grand Prix and the Australian Open, and also hosted the 1956 Summer Olympics and the 2006 Commonwealth Games. Melbourne consistently ranks as the world's most liveable city.

The Melbourne Airport, also known as the Tullamarine Airport, is the second-busiest airport in Australia, and the Port of Melbourne is the nation's busiest seaport. Its main metropolitan rail terminus is Flinders Street station and its main regional rail and road coach terminus is Southern Cross station. It also has Australia's most extensive freeway network and the largest urban tram network in the world.

Melbourne has a highly diversified economy with particular strengths in finance, manufacturing, research, IT, education, logistics, transportation and tourism. Melbourne houses the headquarters of many of Australia's largest corporations, including five of the largest: ANZ, BHP Billiton, the world's largest mining company, the National Australia Bank, CSL and Telstra, as well as such representative bodies and think tanks as the Business Council of Australia and the Australian Council of Trade Unions. Melbourne's suburbs also have the head offices of Coles Group and Wesfarmers companies Bunnings, Target, K-Mart and Officeworks. The city is home to Australia's second busiest seaport, after Port Botany in Sydney. Melbourne Airport provides an entry point for national and international visitors, and is Australia's second busiest airport.

Melbourne is also an important financial centre. In the 2018 Global Financial Centres Index, Melbourne was ranked as having the 15th most competitive financial centre in the world. Two of the big four banks, NAB and ANZ, are headquartered in Melbourne. The city has carved out a niche as Australia's leading centre for pension funds, with 40% of the total, and 65% of industry super-funds including the AU$109ย billion-dollar Federal Government Future Fund. The city was rated 41st within the top 50 financial cities as surveyed by the MasterCard Worldwide Centers of Commerce Index (2008). Melbourne is Australia's second-largest industrial centre.

It is the Australian base for a number of significant manufacturers including Boeing, truck-makers Kenworth and Iveco, Cadbury as well as Bombardier Transportation and Jayco, among many others. It is also home to a wide variety of other manufacturers, ranging from petrochemicals and pharmaceuticals to fashion garments, paper manufacturing and food processing. The south-eastern suburb of Scoresby is home to Nintendo's Australian headquarters. The city also has a research and development hub for Ford Australia, as well as a global design studio and technical centre for General Motors and Toyota respectively.

CSL, one of the world's top five biotech companies, and Sigma Pharmaceuticals have their headquarters in Melbourne. The two are the largest listed Australian pharmaceutical companies. Melbourne has an important ICT industry that employs over 60,000 people (one third of Australia's ICT workforce), with a turnover of AU$19.8 billion and export revenues of AU615 million. In addition, tourism also plays an important role in Melbourne's economy, with about 7.6 million domestic visitors and 1.88 million international visitors in 2004. Melbourne has been attracting an increasing share of domestic and international conference markets. Construction began in February 2006 of an AU$1 billion 5000-seat international convention centre, Hilton Hotel and commercial precinct adjacent to the Melbourne Exhibition and Convention Centre to link development along the Yarra River with the Southbank precinct and multibillion-dollar Docklands redevelopment.

Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 
<b>Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</b>
Image: Adobe Stock boyloso #95242373

Melbourne is rated Alpha โˆ’ by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network (GaWC) which evaluates and ranks the relationships between world cities in the context of globalisation. Alpha level cities are linked to major economic states and regions and into the world economy.

Melbourne is the #11 city in the world according to the Global Power City Index (GPCI) which evaluates and ranks the major cities of the world according to their magnetism, or their comprehensive power to attract people, capital, and enterprises from around the world. It does so through measuring six key functions: Economy, Research and Development, Cultural Interaction, Liveability, Environment, and Accessibility.

Melbourne is the #29 city in the world according to the Global Financial Centres Index (GFCI) which evaluates and ranks the competitiveness of the major financial centres of the world according to a wide range of criteria โ€“ Human Capital, Business, Finance, Infrastructure and Reputation.

Melbourne is ranked #123 and rated C+ by the Global Urban Competitiveness Report (GUCR) which evaluates and ranks world cities in the context of economic competitiveness. C+ cities are strong international gateway cities. Melbourne has a population of over 178,955 people. Melbourne also forms part of the Greater Melbourne metropolitan area which has a population of over 5,078,193 people. Melbourne is the #173 hipster city in the world, with a hipster score of 3.6428 according to the Hipster Index which evaluates and ranks the major cities of the world according to the number of vegan eateries, coffee shops, tattoo studios, vintage boutiques, and record stores. Melbourne is ranked #39 for startups with a score of 10.572.

To set up a UBI Lab for Melbourne see: https://www.ubilabnetwork.org Twitter: https://twitter.com/UBILabNetwork

Melbourne is a member of the UNESCO Creative Cities Network for Literature see: https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities

Twin Towns, Sister Cities Melbourne has links with:

๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ Boston, USA ๐Ÿ‡ฐ๐Ÿ‡ท Busan, South Korea ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ฉ Cirebon, Indonesia ๐Ÿ‡ฑ๐Ÿ‡ฐ Galle, Sri Lanka ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ Los Angeles, USA ๐Ÿด๓ ง๓ ข๓ ฅ๓ ฎ๓ ง๓ ฟ Manchester, England ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡น Milan, Italy ๐Ÿ‡ฏ๐Ÿ‡ต ลŒsaka, Japan ๐Ÿ‡ท๐Ÿ‡บ Saint Petersburg, Russia ๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ท Thessaloniki, Greece ๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ณ Tianjin, China ๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ณ Xi'an, China ๐Ÿ‡ฏ๐Ÿ‡ต Yokohama, Japan
Text Atribution: Wikipedia Text under CC-BY-SA license | GPCI | GFCI | GaWC | GUCR | Hipster Index | StartupBlink

  • Stewart Lloyd Thomson |

    ๐Ÿ‡ฆ๐Ÿ‡บ ๐Ÿด๓ ง๓ ข๓ ฅ๓ ฎ๓ ง๓ ฟ Architect Stewart Lloyd Thomson is associated with Melbourne. In 1925 he was appointed chief designer to the Southern Railways Company in London.

  • Blakely Rinder Gribbon |

    ๐Ÿด๓ ง๓ ข๓ ฅ๓ ฎ๓ ง๓ ฟ Architect Blakely Rinder Gribbon is associated with Melbourne. He was awarded the Architecture Bronze Medal for West Yorkshire in 1931.

  • Samuel Lipson |

    ๐Ÿด๓ ง๓ ข๓ ฅ๓ ฎ๓ ง๓ ฟ ๐Ÿ‡ฆ๐Ÿ‡บ Architect Samuel Lipson is associated with Melbourne. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Institute of British Architects (FRIBA) in 1945.

UNESCO Creative Cities for Literature include: ๐Ÿ‡ซ๐Ÿ‡ท Angoulรชme ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ถ Baghdad ๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ธ Barcelona ๐Ÿ‡ฑ๐Ÿ‡ง Beirut ๐Ÿ‡ฉ๐Ÿ‡ช Bremen ๐Ÿ‡ฐ๐Ÿ‡ท Bucheon ๐Ÿ‡ฟ๐Ÿ‡ฆ Buffalo City ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ช Dublin ๐Ÿ‡ณ๐Ÿ‡ฟ Dunedin ๐Ÿ‡ฟ๐Ÿ‡ฆ Durban ๐Ÿด๓ ง๓ ข๓ ณ๓ ฃ๓ ด๓ ฟ Edinburgh ๐Ÿด๓ ง๓ ข๓ ฅ๓ ฎ๓ ง๓ ฟ Exeter ๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ธ Granada ๐Ÿ‡ฉ๐Ÿ‡ช Heidelberg ๐Ÿ‡ฆ๐Ÿ‡บ Hobart ๐Ÿ‡ท๐Ÿ‡ด Iaศ™i ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ Iowa City ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ณ Kozhikode ๐Ÿ‡ต๐Ÿ‡ฑ Krakรณw ๐Ÿ‡ซ๐Ÿ‡ฎ Kuhmo ๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ช Kutaisi ๐Ÿ‡ต๐Ÿ‡ฐ Lahore ๐Ÿ‡ณ๐Ÿ‡ฑ Leeuwarden ๐Ÿ‡ณ๐Ÿ‡ด Lillehammer ๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ฎ Ljubljana ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ฆ Lviv ๐Ÿ‡ซ๐Ÿ‡ท Lyon ๐Ÿด๓ ง๓ ข๓ ฅ๓ ฎ๓ ง๓ ฟ Manchester ๐Ÿ‡ฆ๐Ÿ‡บ Melbourne ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡น Milan ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡พ Montevideo ๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ณ Nanjing ๐Ÿด๓ ง๓ ข๓ ฅ๓ ฎ๓ ง๓ ฟ Norwich ๐Ÿด๓ ง๓ ข๓ ฅ๓ ฎ๓ ง๓ ฟ Nottingham ๐Ÿ‡ต๐Ÿ‡น ร“bidos ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ฆ Odessa ๐Ÿ‡ฏ๐Ÿ‡ต Okayama ๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ฟ Prague ๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ฆ Quรฉbec City ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ธ Reykjavรญk ๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ท Rio de Janeiro ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ Seattle ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ถ Slemani ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ถ Sulaymaniyah ๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ฆ Taif ๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ช Tartu ๐Ÿ‡ฑ๐Ÿ‡ป Tukums ๐Ÿ‡ท๐Ÿ‡บ Ulyanovsk ๐Ÿ‡ณ๐Ÿ‡ฑ Utrecht ๐Ÿ‡ฐ๐Ÿ‡ท Wonju
See Also: ๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ง Melbourne, Derbyshire, England, United Kingdom | ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ Melbourne, Florida, United States

RMIT (Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology)

Antipodal to Melbourne is: -35.05,37.8

Locations Near: Melbourne 144.95,-37.8

๐Ÿ‡ฆ๐Ÿ‡บ Footscray 144.9,-37.8 d: 4.4  

๐Ÿ‡ฆ๐Ÿ‡บ Port Phillip 144.967,-37.85 d: 5.8  

๐Ÿ‡ฆ๐Ÿ‡บ Hobsons Bay 144.933,-37.85 d: 5.8  

๐Ÿ‡ฆ๐Ÿ‡บ Moreland 144.95,-37.733 d: 7.5  

๐Ÿ‡ฆ๐Ÿ‡บ St Kilda 144.982,-37.864 d: 7.7  

๐Ÿ‡ฆ๐Ÿ‡บ Darebin 145.017,-37.733 d: 9.5  

๐Ÿ‡ฆ๐Ÿ‡บ Brighton 144.998,-37.91 d: 12.9  

๐Ÿ‡ฆ๐Ÿ‡บ Bayside 145.017,-37.933 d: 15.9  

๐Ÿ‡ฆ๐Ÿ‡บ Sandringham 145.012,-37.953 d: 17.8  

๐Ÿ‡ฆ๐Ÿ‡บ Doncaster 145.123,-37.787 d: 15.3  

Antipodal to: Melbourne -35.05,37.8

๐Ÿ‡ต๐Ÿ‡น Angra do Heroรญsmo -27.217,38.65 d: 19324.5  

๐Ÿ‡ต๐Ÿ‡น Ponta Delgada -25.673,37.736 d: 19191.1  

๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ท Florianรณpolis -48.552,27.592 d: 18320.1  

๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ท Greater Vitรณria -40.308,20.289 d: 18003  

๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ท Guarulhos -46.517,23.455 d: 18082.7  

๐Ÿ‡ต๐Ÿ‡น Madeira -17,32.75 d: 18286.4  

๐Ÿ‡ต๐Ÿ‡น Funchal -16.905,32.648 d: 18273.6  

๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡ท Vinhedo -46.975,23.03 d: 18017.9  

๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ฆ St. John's -52.712,47.561 d: 18215.9  

๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡จ Arona -16.667,28.1 d: 17994.6  

Bing Map

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