Chongqing, China

Economy | Economic and technological development zones | Education

🇨🇳 Chongqing, alternately romanised as Chungking, is a mega-city in south-west China. Administratively, it is one of the four municipalities under the direct administration of central government of the People's Republic of China. The municipality of Chongqing, roughly the size of Austria, includes the city of Chongqing as well as various discontiguous cities. Due to a classification technicality, Chongqing municipality can claim to be the largest city proper in the world—though it does not have the world's largest urban area. Chongqing Jiangbei International Airport, a major aviation hub serving Chongqing metropolitan areas and Western China, is one of the top 50 busiest airports in the world, and the city's monorails system is the world's longest and busiest monorails system with the greatest number of stations (70).

During the Republic of China (ROC) era, Chongqing was a municipality located within Sichuan Province. It served as its wartime capital during the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945). The current municipality was separated from Sichuan province on 14 March 1997 to help develop the central and western parts of China. The city of Chongqing, comprises nine urban and suburban districts. Chongqing is the most populous Chinese municipality, and also the largest direct-controlled municipality in China, containing 26 districts, eight counties, and four autonomous counties.

The official abbreviation of the city, "Yú" (渝), was approved by the State Council on 18 April 1997. This abbreviation is derived from the old name of a part of the Jialing River that runs through Chongqing and feeds into the Yangtze River.

Chongqing has an extensive history and a rich culture. As one of China's National Central Cities, it serves as a financial centre of the Sichuan Basin and the upstream Yangtze. It is a major manufacturing and transportation center; a July 2012 report by the Economist Intelligence Unit described it as one of China's "13 emerging megalopolises". Chongqing is one of the top 100 cities in the world by scientific research outputs as tracked by the Nature Index, and home to several notable universities, including Chongqing University, Southwest University, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Southwest University of Political Science and Law, and Chongqing Normal University.

Economy Chongqing is facing rapid urbanization. For instance, statistics suggest that new construction added approximately 137,000 m² (1,470,000 sq ft) daily of usable floor space to satisfy demands for residential, commercial and factory space. In addition, more than 1,300 people moved into the city daily, adding almost 100 million yuan (US$15 million) to the local economy. Thus, Chongqing was separated from Sichuan province and made into a municipality in its own right on 14 March 1997 in order to accelerate its development and subsequently China's relatively poorer western areas. An important industrial area in western China,

Traditionally, due to its geographic inaccessibility, Chongqing and Sichuan have both been important military bases in weapons research and development. Even though Chongqing's industries are diversified, unlike eastern China, its export sector is small due to its relatively disadvantageous inland location. Instead, factories producing local-oriented consumer goods such as processed food, cars, chemicals, textiles, machinery, sports equipment and electronics are common.

Chongqing is China's third largest motor vehicle production centre and the largest for motorcycles. In 2007, it had an annual output capacity of 1 million cars and 8.6 million motorcycles. Leading makers of cars and motorbikes includes China's fourth biggest automaker; Changan Automotive Corp and Lifan Hongda Enterprise, as well as Ford Motor Company, with the US car giant having 3 plants in Chongqing. The municipality is also one of China's nine largest iron and steel producers in China as well as one of its three major aluminum producers. Important manufacturers include Chongqing Iron and Steel Company (重庆钢铁股份有限公司) and Southwest Aluminum (西南鋁業), which is Asia's largest aluminum plant. Agriculture remains significant. Rice and fruits, especially oranges, are the area's main produce. Natural resources are also abundant with large deposits of coal, natural gas, and more than 40 kinds of minerals such as strontium and manganese. Coal reserves total approximately 4,800,000,000 metric tons (4.7×109 long tons; 5.3×109 short tons). Chuandong Natural Gas Field is China's largest inland gas field with deposits of around 270 billion m3 – more than 1/5 of China's total. Has China's largest reserve of strontium (China has the world's 2nd biggest strontium deposit). Manganese is mined in the Xiushan area. Although the mining sector has been denounced as heavily polluting and unsafe. Chongqing is also planned to be the site of a 10 million ton capacity refinery operated by CNPC (parent company of PetroChina) to process imported crude oil from the Sino-Burma pipelines. The pipeline itself, though not yet finished, will eventually run from Sittwe (in Myanmar's western coast) through Kunming in Yunnan before reaching Chongqing and it will provide China with fuels sourced from Myanmar, the Middle East and Africa. Recently, there has been a drive to move up the value chain by shifting towards high technology and knowledge intensive industries resulting in new development zones such as the Chongqing New North Zone (CNNZ). Chongqing's local government is hoping through the promotion of favorable economic policies for the electronics and information technology sectors, that it can create a 400 billion RMB high technology manufacturing hub which will surpass its car industry and account for 25% of its exports.

The city has also invested heavily in infrastructure to attract investment. The network of roads and railways connecting Chongqing to the rest of China has been expanded and upgraded reducing logistical costs. Furthermore, the nearby Three Gorges Dam which is the world's largest, supplies Chongqing with power and allows oceangoing ships to reach Chongqing's Yangtze River port. These infrastructure improvements have led to the arrivals of numerous foreign direct investors (FDI) in industries ranging from car to finance and retailing; such as Ford, Mazda, HSBC, Standard Chartered Bank, Citibank, Deutsche Bank, ANZ Bank, Scotiabank, Wal-Mart, Metro AG and Carrefour, among other multinational corporations.

Chongqing's nominal GDP in 2011 reached 1001.1 billion yuan (US$158.9 billion) while registering an annual growth of 16.4%. However, its overall economic performance is still lagging behind eastern coastal cities such as Shanghai. For instance, its per capita GDP was 22,909 yuan (US$3,301) which is below the national average. Nevertheless, there is a massive government push to transform Chongqing into the region's economic, trade, and financial centre and use the municipality as a platform to open up the country's western interior to further development.

Chongqing has been identified by the Economist Intelligence Unit in the November 2010 Access China White Paper as a member of the CHAMPS (Chongqing, Hefei, Anshan, Maanshan, Pingdingshan and Shenyang), an economic profile of the top 20 emerging cities in China.

Economic and technological development zones The city includes a number of economic and technological development zones: • Chongqing Chemical Industrial Park • Chongqing Economic & Technological Development Zone • Chongqing Hi-Tech Industry Development Zone • Chongqing New North Zone (CNNZ) • Chongqing Export Processing Zone • Jianqiao Industrial Park (located in Dadukou District) • Liangjiang New Area • Liangjiang Cloud Computing Center (the largest of its kind in China)

Chongqing itself is part of the West Triangle Economic Zone, along with Chengdu and Xi'an.

Education Colleges and universities: • Chongqing University (重庆大学) • Southwest University (西南大学) • Chongqing University of Science and Technology (重庆科技学院) • Southwest University of Political Science and Law (西南政法大学) • Third Military Medical University (第三军医大学) • Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications (重庆邮电大学) • Chongqing University of Technology (重庆理工大学) • Chongqing Jiaotong University (重庆交通大学) • Chongqing Medical University (重庆医科大学) • Chongqing Normal University (重庆师范大学) • Chongqing Technology and Business University (重庆工商大学) • Chongqing Three Gorges University (重庆三峡学院) • Chongqing Telecommunication Institute (重庆通讯学院) • Sichuan Fine Arts Institute (四川美术学院) • Sichuan International Studies University (四川外国语大学) • University of Logistics (后勤工程学院) • Chongqing University of Arts and Science (重庆文理学院) • Yangtze Normal University (长江师范学院) • Chongqing University of Education (重庆第二师范学院)

Chongqing, China 
<b>Chongqing, China</b>
Image: Adobe Stock ABCDstock #294104756

Chongqing is rated Beta by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network (GaWC) which evaluates and ranks the relationships between world cities in the context of globalisation. Beta level cities are cities that link moderate economic regions to the world economy.

Chongqing is ranked #81 and rated C by the Global Urban Competitiveness Report (GUCR) which evaluates and ranks world cities in the context of economic competitiveness. C cities are international gateway cities. Chongqing was ranked #676 by the Nomad List which evaluates and ranks remote work hubs by cost, internet, fun and safety. Chongqing has a population of over 8,750,000 people. Chongqing also forms the centre of the wider Chongqing Municipality which has a population of over 32,054,159 people. Chongqing is ranked #236 for startups with a score of 1.512.

To set up a UBI Lab for Chongqing see: https://www.ubilabnetwork.org Twitter: https://twitter.com/UBILabNetwork

Chongqing is a member of the UNESCO Creative Cities Network for Design see: https://en.unesco.org/creative-cities

Twin Towns, Sister Cities Chongqing has links with:

🇧🇪 Antwerp, Belgium 🇪🇬 Aswan, Egypt 🇹🇭 Bangkok, Thailand 🇬🇼 Bissau, Guinea-Bissau 🇦🇺 Brisbane, Australia 🇭🇺 Budapest, Hungary 🇰🇷 Busan, South Korea 🇮🇳 Chennai, India 🇹🇭 Chiang Mai, Thailand 🇦🇷 Córdoba, Argentina 🇪🇸 Coslada, Spain 🇺🇸 Detroit, USA 🇩🇪 Düsseldorf, Germany 🇯🇵 Hiroshima, Japan 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 Leicester, England 🇪🇸 Madrid, Spain 🇸🇮 Maribor, Slovenia 🇯🇵 Mito, Japan 🇿🇦 Mpumalanga, South Africa 🇮🇩 Pekanbaru, Indonesia 🇰🇭 Phnom Penh, Cambodia 🇷🇴 Piteşti, Romania 🇧🇷 Salvador, Brazil 🇺🇸 Seattle, USA 🇮🇷 Shiraz, Iran 🇧🇬 Sliven, Bulgaria 🇮🇱 Tel Aviv, Israel 🇪🇸 Telde, Spain 🇨🇦 Toronto, Canada 🇫🇷 Toulouse, France 🇷🇺 Vladimir, Russia 🇷🇺 Voronezh, Russia 🇺🇦 Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine
Text Atribution: Wikipedia Text under CC-BY-SA license | GaWC | GUCR | Nomad | StartupBlink

North of: 29.548

🇮🇱 Eilat 29.55

🇨🇳 Shizhong 29.55

🇨🇳 Leshan 29.552

🇺🇸 Pearland 29.564

🇺🇸 Richmond 29.567

🇺🇸 Seguin 29.567

🇺🇸 Palm Coast 29.582

🇨🇳 Neijiang 29.583

🇮🇳 Almora 29.597

🇺🇸 Sugar Land 29.599

South of: 29.548

🇨🇳 Yiwu 29.534

🇵🇰 Lodhran 29.533

🇮🇳 Sirsa 29.533

🇯🇴 Aqaba 29.532

🇺🇸 League City 29.503

🇨🇳 Xinchang 29.5

🇮🇷 Zahedan 29.496

🇮🇳 Muzaffarnagar 29.467

🇨🇳 Lushan 29.448

🇺🇸 San Antonio 29.417

West of: 106.529

🇨🇳 Beibei 106.501

🇮🇩 Ciapus 106.467

🇱🇦 Salavan 106.417

🇻🇳 Tân An 106.414

🇻🇳 Chí Linh 106.383

🇻🇳 Bến Tre 106.375

🇻🇳 Mỹ Tho 106.367

🇻🇳 Trà Vinh 106.343

🇻🇳 Thái Bình 106.342

🇻🇳 Hải Dương 106.323

Antipodal to Chongqing is: -73.471,-29.548

Locations Near: Chongqing 106.529,29.5483

🇨🇳 Yubei 106.624,29.777 d: 27  

🇨🇳 Banan 106.683,29.25 d: 36.4  

🇨🇳 Beibei 106.501,29.889 d: 38  

🇨🇳 Jiangjin District 106.254,29.291 d: 39.1  

🇨🇳 Fuling 107.39,29.703 d: 85  

🇨🇳 Luzhou 105.442,28.871 d: 129.6  

🇨🇳 Nanchong 106.083,30.795 d: 145.1  

🇨🇳 Suining 105.57,30.505 d: 140.8  

🇨🇳 Neijiang 105.061,29.583 d: 142  

🇨🇳 Ziliujing 104.767,29.333 d: 172.3  

Antipodal to: Chongqing -73.471,-29.548

🇨🇱 La Serena -71.25,-29.909 d: 19796.9  

🇨🇱 Ovalle -71.2,-30.6 d: 19767.2  

🇨🇱 Illapel -71.167,-31.633 d: 19695.1  

🇨🇱 Copiapó -70.317,-27.35 d: 19621.6  

🇨🇱 Valparaíso -71.619,-33.046 d: 19588.3  

🇨🇱 La Calera -71.183,-32.783 d: 19594.7  

🇨🇱 Viña del Mar -71.55,-33.017 d: 19588.4  

🇨🇱 Quilpue -71.442,-33.048 d: 19580.9  

🇨🇱 Villa Alemana -71.373,-33.044 d: 19578.3  

🇨🇱 San Antonio -71.613,-33.581 d: 19533.4  

Bing Map

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